Learning Flashcards
learning
relatively permanent changes due to experience, noticing patterns and making associations allows us to adapt
behavioral psuchology
highly associated with learning, traditionally focused on how we learn behaviors
conditioning
process of learning associations
associative learning types
classical conditioning (CC) and operant conditioning (OC)
classical conditioning
process by which a neutral stimulus acquires ability to produce a response through association with a stimulus that already produced response
ivan pavlov
- discovered classical conditioning
- studied dogs and food, asscoaited the bell with the food
components of cc
- unconditioned stimulus (UC)
- unconditioned response (UR)
- conditioned stimulus (CS)
- conditioned response (CR)
unconditioned stimulus
stimulus that leads to naturally produced reaction (the food)
unconditioned response
automatic reaction to unconditioned stimulus (dog salivating at food)
conditioned stimulus
acquired ability to produce an association (the bell)
conditioned response
learned response to conditioned stimulus (dog salivating at bell)
watson and rayner
- applied pavlov’s conditioning to human babies
- similar to the dogs, baby albert learned to associate a loud noise with a rat and so always feared the rat
acquisition
process of learning associations
- pairing UC and CS until predictive relationship forms
- acquisition occurs more readily if CS is presented RIGHT BEFORE the US (bell RIGHT BEFORE food)
biopreparedness
biologically predisposed to fear things that have been threats to us evolutionarily
- conditioned taste aversion (CTA)
conditioned taste aversion
biologically predisposed to learn to associate nausea with what was eaten right beforehand
- only need to feel nauseous once to continuously avoid food that made you sick
- CS and US can be separated for hours but that one pairing will still cause avoidance
stimulus generalization (cc)
the tendency to produce conditioned responses to stimuli that are similar to a conditioned stimulus
- happens automatically (if different bell sound rings, dog still salivate)