Leaf Structure Flashcards
What are the 7 structures of the leaf?
Waxy cuticle, upper epidermis, palisade layer, spongy mesophyll layer, lower epidermis, vein, stomata
What is the function of the waxy cuticle?
Waterproof layer that reduces water loss by evaporation
What is the function of the upper epidermis? (2)
- A single layer of cells with no chloroplast and transparent
- It lets light go straight through to the palisade layer
What is the function of the palisade layer? (2)
- Contain a lot of chloroplasts for photosynthesis
- Close to the surface to maximise light intake
What is the function of the spongy mesophyll layer?
Cells with a lot of airspace to allow gaseous exchange
What is the function of the lower epidermis?
Has a lot of stomata to allow gas to diffuse into and out of the cell
What is the function of the vein?
Contains vascular bundles of phloem and xylem
What is the function of the stomata?
Small pores bound by guard cells control gaseous change into and out of the cell
What pigment absorbs energy from the envirment via light?
Chlorophyll
What is the function of the leaf?
To absorb light and perform photosynthesis
What is the function of the stem?
Move water through osmosis and hold leaves for sunlight
What is the function of the root? (3)
- Provide anchorage so the plant can stand upright
- They absorb minerals and water
- They store energy in the form of starch.
What are the adaptions of a root hair cell? (3)
- Long projection to increase surface area
- Large vacuole to absorb water
- Thin cell wall to allow for easy diffusion
photosynthesis formula equation:
C0₂+H₂0➡️O₂+C₆H₁₂O₆
photosynthesis word equation:
Carbon dioxide reacts with water from sunlight to form glucose and oxygen which are the products of photosynthesis.
