Leaders Of World Religions - All 6 Flashcards
1
Q
Where and when did Hinduism begin?
A
It began in India around 4,000 BCE
2
Q
How popular is Hinduism?
A
Third most popular religion (it has 750 million followers)
3
Q
What is the name of the ‘Great Power’ in Hinduism?
A
Brahman
4
Q
What is reincarnation?
A
The hindus believe that when a person dies, the soul moves into the body of another person/living being
5
Q
Explain Hindu beliefs about karma?
A
Hindus believe that the next life is dependent on how the previous life was lived - this is called karma
6
Q
What is Moskha?
A
Hindus believe they collect karma over many lifetimes. until they reach moskha they are repeatedly reincarnated
7
Q
Does hinduism have a founder?
A
Hinduism has no founder, no single teacher or prophets.
8
Q
Who are the three most impotant Hindu gods?
A
Brahma - the creator
Vishna - the preserver
Shiva - the destroyer
9
Q
What is the name given to the three most important Hindu gods?
A
The Trimurti
10
Q
What is a Hindu’s main goal?
A
To reach enlightenment - to become one with Brahman
11
Q
What gender is brahman?
A
None - he is neither male or female
12
Q
How many gods and goddesses are there?
A
33 million
13
Q
What is the name of the elephant god in hinduism?
A
Ganesh
14
Q
What is the name of the building Hindus worship in?
A
Mandir
15
Q
Name some gifts Hindus give to the gods during worship?
A
Water, fruit, flowers, sweets and incense
16
Q
What is the red mark called that is put on the worshippers foreheads?
A
A tilak
17
Q
What is the name of the sacred Hindu book?
A
Vedas
18
Q
What does the vedas do?
A
Guide hindus in there every day lives
19
Q
When was the vedas composed ?
A
1500 B.C.E
20
Q
When was the vedas composed
A
1500 B.C.E
21
Q
What does the Hindu symbol represent?
A
Aum is the main symbol of Hinduism – it is the
sound heard in deepest meditation and considered
to be the name most suited for God.
22
Q
Do hindus eat beef?
A
No
23
Q
Give two reasons cows are considered to be sacred?
A
They have a gentle nature
They are heavily relied upon for dairy products
24
Q
What festival are cows honoured in india
A
Mattupongal
25
Why are rivers holy for Hinus?
Hindus believe rivers are a symbol of God,
who gives life. Bathing in a holy river is believed to wash away sin
26
How many holy rivers are there in India?
7
27
What do Hindus believe about the River Ganges?
Hindus believe that drinking even one drop of water from this river will wash away all their sins from this life and previous lives.
28
What is another way of saying Divali ?
Festival of lights
29
How long is Divali celebrated for and when?
Diwali is a five day long celebration of the new year
30
List ways in which Divali is celebrated:
- families swap presents
-decorate their home
-share meals
-hold bonfires
-fireworks
31
List the ten principles of Hinduism:
• Remain calm and patient
• Respect all living things
• Be truthful
• Control bad thoughts
• Be compassionate
• Be pure in mind and body
• Earn, don’t take
• Eat wholesome food
• Be honest and honourable
• Be determined to do the right thing
32
The strict groups of hindus:
Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras
33
What did the caste system do?
The caste system gave many privileges to the upper castes
while repressing the lower castes.
34
What sort of laws did the caste system do?
The upper and lower castes lived in separate areas, a person could only marry within their caste and upper castes refused to eat or drink with lower castes.
35
Who was mahatama Ghandi?
Indian lawyer Mahatma Gandhi was a Hindu who led the campaign for
India’s independence from British rule.
36
How did Ghandi die?
He was shot by a Hindu fanatic for his views on the caste system
37
What century was India nearly all buddhist?
Third century BCE
38
How many times was india invaded between the twelfth and sixteenth and who invaded it
Between the twelfth and sixteenth centuries CE, India was invaded three times. This time it was the muslims
39
How many years did muslims rule india after the third invasion?
They ruled India for 300 years after the third invasion.
40
After the muslims ruled india who ruled india next?
The british
41
When did india become independant?
1947
42
In 1947 India was divided. What happended?
A new country called Pakistan was created, to be a Muslim country. Many Hindus who were living in that area moved back to India, many Muslims living in India moved to Pakistan.
43
Why is hinduism very tolerant?
Hinduism is a mixture of many different beliefs and customs. They have come together over thousands of years to make one religion. This is one reason why Hinduism is a very tolerant
44
What is the second most old religion?
Judaism
45
Who is the first founder of Judaism?
Abraham
46
What is abraham often called?
He is often called one of the 'fathers' of Judaism.
47
Where and when did abraham live?
Abraham lived about 4000 years ago in a town called U.r
48
Who was abrahams wife?
Sarah
49
What did abraham belive that the people of Ur not believe?
-Abraham became more and more sure about this 'true' God.
-He also became sure that God did not want to be worshipped in evil ways.
50
What is a nomad?
Person with no fixed home
51
What did abraham feel God was telling him to do?
Abraham felt that God was telling him to leave Ur and travel to another country. He and his
family set out. They did not know where they were going, but they believed that God would
show them the way to go.
52
What do jews belive?
Jews believe that God promised Abraham that he would become the father of a great nation. All
his children and their children for ever would have this same special relationship with God.
53
Who was the second founder of judaism?
Moses
54
What were egyptians afraid of?
The Egyptians were afraid that the Jews might try to take over the country, so they decided that they must get rid of al Jews in Egypt. As part of this, they ordered that all baby boys should be killed at birth.
55
How was moses not killed by the egyptians?
Moses was not killed, because his mother hid him in a basket by the side of the river. He
was found by the Pharaoh's daughter. She took him back to the palace and brought him up as if he were her own son.
56
What did moses became sure of?
That god had work for him to do
57
What did God tell Moses to do?
God spoke to him, telling him to go back and get the Jews freed from slavery.
58
How long did the jewes spend wondering from place to place with Moses? And what is this called?
40 years and it is called the years in the wilderness
59
What was the Jews new home after escaping egypt?
Caanan
60
During the years wondering from place to place who was the jews leader?
During the years when they were wandering, Moses was the Jews' leader.
61
What do jews believe God gave moses while they were in the wilderness?
Jews believe that whilst they were in the wilderness, God gave Moses the Torah,
62
What is the torah?
It is the teaching what jews follow
63
Why is the torah important to jews?
The Teaching which Jews follow. This Teaching is very important for Jews, because it is part of their agreement with God. This agreement is a very serious one. It is called the Covenant.
64
What did god promise the jews?
God promised the jews that they would be his 'Chosen People'. This does not mean that they would be his favourites. It means that they were chosen to be given extra responsibilities. God would look after them but, in return, the Jews must obey the laws which God gave.
65
What is the second promise
In Jewish history, this is remembered as God's second promise to the Jews. The first promise was to Abraham - God promised that Abraham would be the father of a great nation. The second promise was to Moses - God would take special care of the Jews, if they obeyed his laws.
66
Where is siddartha gautama born as what?
Siddhartha Gautama is born in Lumbini as a prince of his kingdom
67
Who founded buddhism?
Siddartha gauntama
68
What date was siddhartha gauntama born?
473 B.C.E
69
Who do buddhists worship?
Buddhists do not worship a God - they try to gain their own spiritual development.
70
Buddhists they try to gain their own spiritual development. What is this called?
Nirvana
71
What is enlightment?
Gaining wisdom; the truth or having a deep insight into the true nature of life
72
What does buddha mean?
A title meaning 'The Enlightened One'. Given to Siddhartha
73
What do buddhists to help them relax?
Meditation
74
What is meditation?
Meditation is concentrating, in order to reduce anxiety relax or enhance spiritual growth
75
What is a bodhi tree?
The bodhi tree (tree of awakening) where siddhartha reached enlightment
76
What is bodh gaya?
Bodh gaya is the place where siddartha reached enlightment and became the buddha
77
What do buddhists believe in?
Reincarnation
78
Who did siddhartha take a trip with when he wanted to see the outside world?
One of his charioteers
79
What are the four things called that siddhartha saw?
The four sights
80
What were the four sights?
He saw an old person, a sick person, a dead person and a Holy man.
81
What did siddhartha decide to leave behind to find what?
He decided to leave the palace, his family and all his belongings to search for the truth about life.
He spent time with masters of meditation, training his mind and disciplining himself.
82
What did siddhartha think was the way to reach enlightment?
For some time he stopped eating to rid himself of his bodily wants, thinking it would allow him
to focus on the mind. After some time, when close to death, he decided this was not the right
way to reach enlightenment
83
What happened after siddhartha found out starving yourself is not the way to reach enlightment?
After searching for the truth, Siddhartha finally took his place under a Bodhi tree in
Bodh Gaya and vowed not to leave until he found the truth. No one knows how long he was there but after some time he reached enlightenment
84
What does the small bump on the head of buddha represent?
Symbolises wisdom
85
What does the Urna (third eye) represent?
Symbolises enlightenment
