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EE133 - Power Plant Engineering > LE2 > Flashcards

LE2 Flashcards

1
Q

A geothermal fluid with a high saturation of sodium chloride or other salts.

A

Brine

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2
Q

Rocks of high resistance overlying a geothermal reservoir.

A

Cap Rocks

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3
Q

A planar rock fracture or fracture zone in the Earth’s crust

A

Fault

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4
Q

A hot spring that shoots intermittent discharge of hot water and steam into the air

A

Geyser

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5
Q

The process of returning geothermal fluids, utilized to generate heat, back into the ground

A

Injection

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6
Q

The measure of a material’s ability to transmit a fluid

A

Permeability

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7
Q

The measure of the void spaces in a material by a ratio of the aggregate volume of pore spacesin rock or soil to its total volume usually stated as a percent

A

Porosity

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8
Q

The rate of increase or decrease in the Earth’s temperature relative to depth

A

Thermal Gradient

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9
Q

Name 6 geothermal powerplants in the Philippines

A
  • BacMan
  • Mindanao
  • Southern Negros
  • Northern Negros
  • Leyte
  • Tiwi

Geothermal Production Field

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10
Q

Name 1 geothermal powerplants outside the Philippines

A

The Geysers

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11
Q

A thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor.

A

Nuclear Power Plant

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12
Q

What are the types of nuclear power plants?

A
  • PWR
  • BWR
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13
Q

What’s the difference between the two types of NPP?

A

The main difference between a BWR and PWR is that in a BWR, the reactor core heats water, which turns to steam and then drives a steam turbine. In a PWR, the reactor core heats water, which does not boil. This hot water then exchanges heat with a lower pressure water system, which turns to steam and drives the turbine.

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14
Q

What are the parts of a NPP system?

A
  • Nuclear Reactor
  • Steam Turbine
  • Generator
  • Cooling system
  • Safety valves
  • Feedwater pump
  • Emergency power supply
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15
Q

This part of the NPP system is where the heat is generated by controlled nuclear fission.

A

Nuclear Reactor

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16
Q

This part of the NPP system converts the heat contained in steam into mechanical energy.

A

Steam Turbine

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17
Q

This part of the NPP system converts kinetic energy supplied by the turbine into electrical energy.

A

Generator

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18
Q

This part of the NPP system removes heat from the reactor core and transports it to another area of the plant, where the thermal energy can be harnessed to produce electricity or to do other useful work.

A

Cooling System

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19
Q

This part of the NPP system is used to prevent pipes from bursting or the reactor from exploding.

A

Safety Valves

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20
Q

This part of the NPP system controls the water level in the steam generator and nuclear reactor. It has the task of taking the water from the condensate system, increasing the pressure and forcing it into either the steam generators (in the case of a pressurized water reactor) or directly into the reactor (for boiling water reactors).

A

Feedwater pump

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21
Q

This part of the NPP system maintains safety in the event of unit shut down and loss of offsite power.

A

Emergency Power Supply

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22
Q

What is the purpose of pressure in pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant?

A

To keep the heated water in its liquid form

23
Q

Why are nuclear power plants being considered even when it is so dangerous?

A

Large nuclear power plant saves more than 50,000 barrels of oil per day

24
Q

Where should Nuclear Power Plants be built?

A
  • As far as possible from populated areas
  • Near water sources
  • On firm and solid grounds
25
Q

Name 1 NPP in Philippines.

A

Bataan Nuclear Power Plant

26
Q

Name 3 NPP in Japan.

A

Ikata, Tomari, Onagawa NPP

27
Q

Name 3 NPP in South Korea.

A

Kori, Hanul, Hanbit NPP

28
Q

Name 3 NPP in China.

A

Fuqing, Sanmen, Qinshan NPP

29
Q

Name 3 NPP in Russia.

A

Kola, Rostov, Kalinin NPP

30
Q

Name 3 NPP in Canada.

A

Pickering, Bruce, Darlington NPP

31
Q

Name 1 NPP in Ukraine

A

Chernobyl NPP

32
Q

This power station utilizes a gasturbine, also called a combustion turbine,which is a type of internal combustion engine.

A

Gas Turbine Power Plant

33
Q

The basic operation of the gas turbine issimilar to that of the steam powerplant except that ___ is used instead of water.

A

air

34
Q

What are the two classification of GTPP?

A

Open cycle GT

Closed cycle GT

35
Q

What classification of gas turbine have a working fluid has to be changed constantly as they are exhausted into the atmosphere?

The entire flowcomes from theatmosphere andthen returned tothe atmosphere.

A

Open cycle GT

36
Q

Give 4 advantages of Gas Turbine PP

A
  • The cost of maintenance is less
  • It is simple in construction
  • Cheaper fuel such as kerosene, paraffin,benzene and powdered coal can be used
  • Can be used where water is not readily available
37
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of Gas Turbine PP

A
  • Low thermal efficiency
  • High frequency noise from the compressor
38
Q

Gas Turbine PP operate as peak load plant.
True or False

A

True

39
Q

Gas Turbine PP has an efficiency of less than __%

A

40

40
Q

What are the 3 components in the system of Gas Turbine PP?

A
  • Compressor
  • Combustor
  • Turbine
41
Q

Name 3 GTPP in the Philippines

A
  • San Lorenzo CCGT
  • San Gabriel CCP
  • Bataan CCGT
42
Q

What are the types of engines used for GTs?

A
  • Free Piston Engine
  • Two-stroke Engine
43
Q

This engine is a linear, ‘crankless’ internalcombustion engine, in which the piston motion is notcontrolled by a crankshaft but determined by theinteraction of forces from the combustion chamber gases, arebound device (e.g., a piston in a closed cylinder) and aload device (e.g. a gas compressor or a linear alternator).

A

Free piston engine

44
Q

When and who discovered geothermal fields?

A

1847 ; Willian Bell Elliot

45
Q

What areas can be used for geothermal energy harvesting?

A
  • Volcanoes
  • Hot springs
  • Geysers
46
Q

The center of the earth is estimated atTemperature up to ______ K due to decayprocess of radioactive isotopes.

A

10,000

47
Q

What is the total steady geothermal energy flow towards earth’s surface

A

4.2 × 10 10 Kw

48
Q

What is the average flow energy?

A

0.063 W/m2.

49
Q

Site Selection of Geothermal

A
  • Borax deposits present
  • Water at 120°C at 200 to 500 m depths
  • Na-Ca-Cl-SO4 contents
  • shallow depth reservoir withwater at 80° to 110°C.
50
Q

Where was the first geothermal power plant?

A

Lardarello, Italy

51
Q

What are the types of geothermal power plants?

A
  • Dry Steam
  • Flash Steam
  • Binary Cycle
52
Q

Dry steam is also called as ___

A

Vapour Dominated System

53
Q

What are the 4 applications of geothermal energy?

A

Heating,cooking, medical purposes, and electricity.

EE133 - Power Plant Engineering (3 decks)

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