LDU

Question 1

What are the two methods of manual cleaning and give an example of instruments cleaned in this way

Answer 1

Immersion -mirror
Non-immersion - handliece

Question 2

What PPE is required for manual washing?

Answer 2

Rubber gloves - protection from sharps injury
Apron - contamination of clothes
Eye protection - splashing of chemicals

Question 3

How often should an ultrasonic be de gassed?

Answer 3

Every morning and between cycles (every water change)

Question 4

What is the purpose of de gassing?

Answer 4

Removes air bubbles within the chamber which reduces the efficacy of cleaning

Question 5

Why should hand pieces not be put in steriliser?

Answer 5

Can cause pitting on the surface (due to aluminium)

Question 6

Why is it important to use purified water in the steriliser?

Answer 6

To prevent limescale adhering to intstruments

Question 7

What are the 3 types of steriliser and their uses?

Answer 7

Type N (basic autoclave)
Type B (vacuum capable)
Type S (specialised)

Question 8

What temp and duration should a steriliser achieve?

Answer 8

134 - 137 degrees for 3 minutes

Question 9

What test should be carried out on steriliser daily?

Answer 9

Steam penetration test (Bowie dick test)

Question 10

How should sterilised equipment be stored?

Answer 10

Clean environment, free from aerosol contamination
Dry, temperature controlled
Away from direct sunlight

Question 11

What is the difference between sterile instruments and instruments which have been sterilised?

Answer 11

Sterile - sterilised in packet and still sterile at point of use
Sterilised - has been sterilised but not stored in sterile conditions

Question 12

What is sinners circle?

Answer 12

Energy
Time
Chemical
Temperature
(4 key elements required for cleaning)

Question 13

What are the stages within WD?

Answer 13

Flush/ pre wash
Main wash
Rinse
Thermal disinfection
Drying

Question 14

What time and temp should thermal disinfection achieve?

Answer 14

90 - 95 degrees for 1 min

Question 15

Above which temperature will proteins coagulate ?

Answer 15

Above 30- 35 degrees

Question 16

At which stage of decontamination are proteins removed from instruments?

Answer 16

Washer disinfector

Question 17

What is Spaulding classification?

Answer 17

Critical - penetrates soft tissue, contacts bone/ blood stream/ normally sterile tissue. Eg forceps. Cleaned then sterilised

Semi critical - in contact with mucous membranes (not penetrating soft tissue) eg mirror. High level sterilisation

Non critical - in contact with skin/ intact mucous membranes. Eg chair. Low level disinfection

Question 18

What are the 5 moments of hand hygiene?

Answer 18

Before touching patient and aseptic procedures
After touching patient, patient environment and bodily fluid exposure

Question 19

What is the chain of infection

Answer 19

Susceptible host
Infectious agent
Reservoir
Portal of exit
Transmission
Portal of entry

Question 20

What are the 10 sipceps?

Answer 20

Patient placement and assessment of infection risk
Occupation safety
Safe disposal of waste
Safe management of care environment
Safe management of care equipment
Safe management of linen
Safe management of blood and bodily fluids
Hand hygiene
PPE
Respiratory and cough hygiene

Question 21

How is a blood spillage managed?

Answer 21

PPE and contain spillage with paper towel
Sprinkle area with chlorine releasing granules - sodium hypochlorite 10,000ppm
Wait 5 mins
Clear with paper towels and dispose in clinical waste
Dispose of sharps
Hand hygiene