LCSW Bonus Test Prep Flashcards
Broker (Q2)
Supports clients by connecting them with the appropriate community services and resources (essentially the CRS function)
Delusion of Reference
the belief that un-related occurrences in the external world have a special significance for the person who is being diagnosed. So, for example, a delusion of reference might occur when someone watches a movie and believes there is a message in the movie that is meant specifically for them, and that makes some kind of “sense”.
Delusion of Control
Also - delusion of passivity, passivity experience, and passivity phenomenon.
According to the patient’s narrative, his thoughts, emotions, perceptions or actions are under the control of a different agent: either another person, a spirit, a machine, or unknown forces.
Grandiose Delusion
unfounded or inaccurate beliefs that one has special powers, wealth, mission, or identity
Persecutory Delusion
believe someone or something is mistreating, spying on or attempting to harm them (or someone close to them)
Defense mechanisms
Order of operations Risk Assessment/Safety contract with SI (Q33)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
21 item questionaire for depressive Sx:
1-10___These ups and downs are considered normal
11-16__ Mild mood disturbance
17-20__Borderline clinical depression
21-30__Moderate depression
31-40__Severe depression
+ 40__Extreme depression
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Interview (MMPI)
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-the-minnesota-multiphasic-personality-inventory-2795582
Clinical psychology professionals use the test to assess and diagnose mental illness, but it’s used in other areas, such as:
*Legal cases, including criminal defense and custody disputes
*Professional/employment screening, especially for high-risk jobs
*Substance use programs
Thematic Appreciation Test (TAT)
A psychological assessment tool used to evaluate individuals’ emotional responses and inner thoughts by analyzing their interpretations of ambiguous pictures.
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
16 personality types.
*Extraversion vs Introversion
*Sensing vs Intuition
*Thinking vs feeling
*Judging vs perceiving
https://www.themyersbriggs.com/en-US/Products-and-Services/Myers-Briggs
Formal Operational Stage (Q38)
The individual develops egocentrism and is able to self-admire and self-criticize. Full abstract and logical deduction ability is reached.
* Abstract thinking, or “thinking about thinking” becomes possible
* Only ½ of all adults achieve this stage.
Gottman Method of Therapy (Q46)
Focus on improving communication by eliminating harmful language and managing conflict resolution.
Atypical vs typical antipsychotics (Q83)
Atypical Antipsychotics - developed in the 1990s, less severe side effects
Typical Antipsychotics - developed in the 1950s, used if atypicals don’t work, usually with more severe side effects
David Kolb’s stages of learning model (Q154)
Diverging - sees things from different perspectives and works well in brainstorming/group settings
Accommodating - hands-on, relies on intuition
Assimilating - logical and concise approach, benefits from clear explanation
Converging - problem-solving style, competent at finding practical uses for theoretical ideas
Depression vs Dysthimia (Q155)
Persistence and severity of symptoms is the key differentiator
Dysthymia - 2 symptoms present for at least 2 yrs
Depression - 3-5 symptoms present for at least 2 wks
Family Life Cycle - Launching Stage
Major task is the establish self as an adult, finding one’s lifestyle and partner.
Malingering vs Fictitious D/O
Malingering - Faking symptoms for external gain
Fictious Disorder - faking symptoms with no obvious external reward
Therapist self disclosure
seek supervision to determine if clinically appropriate, not the responsibility of the client to determine if this would be clinically beneficial.
Ecomap
An ecomap in social work (also referred to as eco map or eco-map) is a visual representation of all the different systems impacting an individual’s or family’s life.
People interact with multiple other entities regularly, including friends, extended family, work, school, recreational clubs, medical professionals, etc.
This is the person’s “ecosystem.”
Columbia Severity Rating Scale
Also Columbia Suicide Rating Scale, risk assessment for sucide and ideation.
The Screener contains 6 “yes” or “no” questions in which respondents are asked to indicate whether they have experienced several thoughts or feelings relating to suicide over the past month and behaviors over their lifetime and past 3 months. Each question addresses a different component of the respondent’s suicide ideation severity and behavior.
Question 1: wish to be dead
Question 2: non-specific suicidal thoughts
Questions 3–5: more specific suicidal thoughts and intent to act
Question 6: suicidal behavior over the respondent’s lifetime and past 3 months
If the respondent answers “yes” to Question 2, he/she is instructed to answer Questions 3–5. If the respondent answers “no” to Question 2, he/she may skip to Question 6.
An answer of “yes” to any of the six questions may indicate a need for referral to a trained mental health professional, and an answer of “yes” to questions 4, 5 or 6 indicates high-risk.
Ethical Responsibilities (Dilemmas question)
Commitment to Clients
Self-Determination
Informed consent
Competence
Cultural competence
Conflict of interest
Privacy and confidentiality
Access to records
Sexual relationships
Physical contact
Sexual harassment
Derogatory language
Payment for services
Erikson’s Psychosocial Developmental stages
Trust versus mistrust: The first stage, which occurs in infancy, is about whether the world is reliable
Autonomy versus shame and doubt: Children learn to act intentionally and within reason
Initiative versus guilt: Children develop purpose through play and social interactions
Industry versus inferiority: Children build confidence and learn new skills
Identity versus role confusion: Adolescents search for their identity and question their beliefs, habits, and perspectives
Intimacy versus isolation: Young adults form loving relationships with others
Generativity versus stagnation: Adults create or nurture things, often through parenting or community contributions
Integrity versus despair: Adults reflect on their lives and consider whether they embraced life or regretted missed opportunities
Narrative Therapy techniques
Focus on providing space to share persepctive, listen to understand. Tell and understand one’s story.
Confidentiality following client death
Can only release records following client’s death if:
there is an existing signed release of information
legal obligation
threat of harm to the patient or someone else when the patient is alive
Vicarious Trauma
When professionals who are constantly exposed to the traumatic experiences of their clients begin to experience similar symptoms
Best course of action is to seek supervision to process the vicarious trauma for the professional and to mitigate the impact on clients.
Rx for depressive Sx in Bipolar D/O
Lamictal
Mood stabilizer and anticonvulsant
hard to treat b/c traditional antidepressants can trigger mania
Piaget’s stages of development
Sensorimotor - Birth to 18/24 mon - Object Permanence
Preoperational - 2 yrs to 7 yrs - Symbolic Thought
Concrete operational - 7 to 11 yrs - Logical thought
Formal Operational - 12 yrs to adulthood - Scientific reasoning
premature termination of treatment
Must educate on the risks of termination before treatment is complete, and document the interaction
*protective as shows client initiated the termination and protects professional against claims of abandonment/malpractice
*Professional should remain objective throughout
Bipolar I Disorder
full manic episode with symptoms affecting functioning and lasting for at least 1 week
zone of proximal development
range of tasks a developing child can do with assistance from an adult but cnanot complete independently
Hard enough to require the child stretches their skills, but in the proximity of a helping adult
When to refer couples to individual therapists
When the relationship is abusive
Response when receiving a subpoena
Protect client confidentiality by claiming privilege on behalf of the client. Refuse to release records unless the client gives permission to do so.
Legally required to provide records if a second subpoena is received with a court order.
Always appropriate to ask court to withdraw the request or limit to a specific part of the record
Compassion Fatigue
Combination of burnout and secondary trauma
(Burnout is total exhaustion, feelings of professional inadequacy and hopelessness)
(Secondary Trauma is experiencing the same Sx as one’s clients)
Motivational Interviewing stages
Stage One: Precontemplation. …
Stage Two: Contemplation. …
Stage Three: Preparation/Determination. …
Stage Four: Action/Willpower. …
Stage Five: Maintenance. ..
Stages of Grief
denial.
anger.
bargaining.
depression.
acceptance.
Validity in Research
Measuring what is intended to measure
Reliability in Research
results are consistently produced
Behavioral regression
Defense mechanism
Displaying behavior associated with an earlier stage of development.
Gender Dysphoria
One’s gender does not match the sex they were assigned at birth. This does NOT develop as a response to trauma.
Phases of treatment
Engagement - building rapport
Assessment - identify strengths, needs, barriers, and problems
Planning - Goals are identified, interventions outlined
Implementation - intervention to move toward goal achievement
Evaluation - how well did the interventions work to achieve goals
Boundary setting and accountabiltiy
Linking accountability and the consequences that arise when responsibility/accountability is not owned lead to weak boundaries.
Self-disclosure
Can be harmful to clients and lead to boundary violations. Helpful when used correctly (i.e. rapport building)
Rarely required to acheive a treatment goal.
Sue & Sue stages of racial/cultural identity
Conformity (strong preference for the dominant culture - displays negative views, shame or embarrassment for their own racial/cultural groups)
Dissonance (individuals reconsider/challenge their own beliefs)
Resistance and Immersion (pride in one’s racial/cultural group, along with a preference for minority views and rejection of the dominant culture)
Introspection (awareness of negative impact of resistance/immersion stage)
Integrative Awareness (appreciate both their own culture and differing sides)
Diganosis is guided by ….
Perception of family relationships, mental functioning, occupation and social class
Assessment PIE
Person in environment (this is ongoing during treatment process)
Formal Observation
Specific data is collected on the client in a predetermined setting
Life Span Development
Physical and cognitive alterations throughout one’s lifespan
Role-play in session
allows therapist to model ways to communicate effectively in real time, good when a client is learning new skills/techniques
Paraphilia
experience of recurring or intense sexual arousal to atypical objects, places, situations, fantasies, behaviors, or individuals. It has also been defined as a sexual interest in anything other than a legally consenting human partner.
Group Therapy is not appropriate for
Suicidal individuals - not recommended for clients in crisis, including those who are suicidal
Confrontation in therapy
When a client makes a change that deviates from their established goals, it is appropirate to confront the behavior and encourage the client to reflect on what is diverting them from moving toward goal progress
Grief Symptoms in kids
Preschool - Crying, Clinging, changes in sleep or eating habits
Children - Blaming self for the death, Somatic Sx, Embarrassment
Teenager - deflection through humor, minimizing loss, taking on the role of the adult
right to refuse services
inform client of their rights in treatment - to refuse any/all services.
In some cases right to refuse is limited by court-mandated services, minor clients, clients who lack capacity - in these cases important to clarify the limitations
congruence
using self-disclosure in a way that keeps emphasis on the client while also acknowledging the client’s concerns
How to measure success in therapy
Brief 2-3-question survey at the end of sessions
*Different options allow for various options for gathering info on what is going well and what challenges exist
Eriksons’s stages - school age children
Industry vs. Inferiority
- a developmental stage in Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, where children are focused on acquiring new skills and developing a sense of competence (“industry”) or feeling inadequate and incompetent (“inferiority”) if they struggle to master these tasks, often occurring during the elementary school years; essentially, it’s the stage where children grapple with feeling productive and capable versus feeling like they are falling behind or not good enough.
financial incentives
Code of Ethics Prohibits the acceptance of financial incentives for referrals
Definition of Program
*Goal
*Objective
*Outcome
*Mission Statement
*What a program hopes to achieve
*statement about how goals will be achieved (SMART)
*knowledge or skills that will be gained
*broad statement of an organization’s purpose (programing/goals will follow the mission statement)
Childhood sexual development
Children develop sense of modesty around age 5
Children age 3 are typically curious about their bodies/genitals
Purpose of intake interview
Interaction to gather preliminary information about a prospective client to determine if a program/service is a good fit.
Effective approach to low employee morale and high conflict
Increased participatory management with face-to-face engagement to address conflict as a group is effective to remedy morale concerns.
Important to meet early - high conflict and low morale can impact employee turnover.
Intersectionality
People have multiple identities that come with various forms of oppression, and everyone’s experience is unique.
Acknowledges the power dynamicsof identities like gender, race, religion, ethnicity, ability, and sexual orientation and introduces concept that people can have power in one area but not others.
Key Concept of Feminist Theory
benefit of external audits
More comprehensive than internal audits. More detailed
benefit of internal audits
More cost-effective, support the organization to prepare for an external audit, allow space to mitigate risk nad implement changes quickly.
Social Learning Theory of Addiction
Interplay of classical conditioning, operant conditioning, social learning/observation
Informed Consent to Treat
Assent to Treatment
Informed consent = Conversation + Signed document
Assent = explaining elements of informed consent, including limitations to confidentiality and self-determination and having client agree (assent) to treatment - usually with minors
best steps to reduce secondary trauma
Increase supervision and faciliate ways for the staff to process work they are doing and the impact on themselves in a confidential setting.
6 steps in a safety plan
- ID Warning signs
- Develop coping strategies
- People and settings that provide safe distraction
- List people you can ask for help
5.List of crisis numbers - Make the environment safe (means restriction)
Best practice for implementing change within an agency
staff meeting - face to face forum with opportunity for discussion
Protecting records in the event of SW death
Ethically obligated to take reasonable precautions to ensure client’s records are protected and confidentiality is maintained in the event of a SW illness, incapacity, or death.
Not required to notify the licensing board of illness that does not impact the scope of practice or work with clients.
consulting on cases cross state lines
No barrier to providing consultation if there is not direct client service provided.
Bricklin Perceptual Scales
Custody cases.
The Bricklin Perceptual Scales (BPS) measures children’s perceptions about each parent [22]. The BPS consists of 64 questions, half of which pertain to each parent [25]. The questions alternate in their focus on father or mother; each question being asked about each parent at different points during the examination.
Treatment for comorbid PTSD and SUD
Cannot treat PTSD without sobriety. If client is not typically sober first focus should be on managing alcohol use.
Concurrent treatment is effective if client is able to maintain sobriety.
Role as a Conflict Mediator
The goal is to generate solutions to the conflict that will work for everyone involved.
Strengths-Based SW
*Can be used at individual and community levels
*Focuses on strengths, resources, and resiliency of indivudals/groups
*Provides wholistic lens rather than focus only on problems or needs
Abilify
atypical anti-psychotic used to treat Sx of Schizophrenia
Vyvanse/Ritalin
stimulant to treat ADD/ADHD
Nexium
Proton-pump inhibitor to treat reflux diseases
Best plan for victim of sexual assault
have a specific plan for safety, support, and structure in the immedaite wake of an assault
Mandated reporting and Title IX
College counselors are exempt from mandated reporting of assaults under Title IX laws.
Interpretation technique in therapy
Reflect what the client is saying and offer a new frame of reference to consider.
Reflective Listening technique in therapy
Offers a response to a client’s perspective without offering a new frame of reference.
Understanding personal bias
Recognize when personal bias is impacting objectivity - when htis happens seek supervision. If truly unable to provide objective care it is important to refer the case to another professional. This is most appropriate when the case is new and rapport is not established.
Role strain
When one experiences stress when unable to fulfill what is expected of them in a certain role they hold. It an create stress for the client. Values exploration does nto address the immediate stressor of role strain.
Theory X leadership style
Style management takes the perspective that employees are unable ot do their jobe adequately without a high degree of oversight.
situational ledership style
supervisor tailors apporach depending on the supervisee’s need.
Theory Y Leadership style
Supervisee is encouraged to express opinions during staff meetings
Authoritative Ladership style
Supervisor has a clear vision for the organization and provides close coaching - grounded in the supervisor’s own vision to motivate supervisee.
