Lboritory Investigation Of The Full Blood Count And White Cell Disorders Flashcards
Where does normal haemopoiesis (blood cell production)?
Bone marrow in long bones
Maturation occurs in bone marrow
Mature cells within peripheral blood
What occurs during blood cell formation?
Starts with Multipotent hematopoetic stem cells dividing by mitosis
ONLY One of the two daughter cell can go down one of two pathways depending on the chemical signals
- Lymphoid cell pathway
- become T lymphocytes or B lymphocytes - Myeloid stem cells
- platelets
- erythrocyte
- Basophil
- Neutrophil
- Eosinophil monocyte
What is a full blood count?
Red blood cell results:
- Hb: concerntration of haemoglobin
- Hct: percentage of blood volume as RBC
- MCV: average size of RBC
- MHC: average haemoglobin content of RBC
- RDW: range of deviation around RBC size
- Reticulocyte count
- blood film
What are white blood cells results?
Total WBC and differential
Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes
Basophils, eosinophils
What are platelet results?
Platelet count and size
What does a blood film show?
Confirming numbers
Morphology - are the cells normal
Red cells:
- size (big or small)
- Colour (Hb content)
- shape (Round, irregular, elliptocytes, TDP)
- polychromasia (bluish colour in cytoplasm because of rna)
- inclusions
White
- numbers (too many, too little)
- normal morphology (dysplastic features)
- immature cells
- abnormal cells (blasts, atypical lymphoid cells)
- inclusions
Where are the results of a FBC displayed?
The. Results are processed using optical scatter methods and presented in cytogram where population of cells are displayed in distinct cluster.
What are the ADVANTAGES of using a automated haematology analyser?
Efficient and cost effective - processing of large number of samples
Accuracy and precision of quantitative blood tests
Ability to perform multiple tests on a single platform
Reduced labour requirements
Invaluable for accurate determination of red cell indices
What are the DISADVANTAGES of automated haematology analyser?
Flagging of laboratory test results demand labour intensive manual examination of blood smear
Comments on cell morphology cannot be generated
Platelet clumps are counted at single, so low count
Expensive with high running cost
What is splenomegaly?
A englarged spleen
What is meant by the term hypochromic?
Red blood cells have less colour than normal under a microscope
What are tear drop polikilocytes?
A increased in abnormal shaped red blood cells (tear drop shape in this case)
What is acute myeloblastic leukaemia?
Blast cells make up for majority of white blood cells
Abnormally large amount of white cells
What is chronic granulocytic leukaemia?
All stages of cell maturation represented
