Laxatives & Anti-D's Flashcards
psyllium mucilloid :Characteristics
bulk forming
emollient
increases fecal matter
for prevention & LT management of
constipation
psyllium mucilloid: nursing implications
Mixture congeals
Make take up to 3 days to work
Docusate sodium: characteristics
Emollient
Promotes h2o absorption into stool
Prevents constipation
Docusate sodium: nursing implications
Administer w/ full glass of water
Oral, capsule, liquid
May take 3-5 days to work
Mineral oil: characteristics
Emollient-lubricates fecal material and intestines
Improves water retention
Can be ordered as enema or taken orally
Mineral oil: nursing implications
Tastes disgusting
Disrupts fat- soluble vitamin absorption
bisacodyl sennaL: characteristics
- Tx of constipation
- Stimulates intestinal nerves
- Laxative dependence and F&E depletion
- Continued use decreases bodies ability to preform like normal
- peristalsis
Bisacodyl senna: nursing implications
- Hypokalema w/ chronic use and decreased absorption of other drugs
- see K+ info for s/sx
Milk of magnesia: characteristics
Laxative & antacid
Osmotically active in GI
Draws h2o into GI lumen
Creates osmotic pressure= peristalsis
Can affect absorption of other medications
Milk of magnesia: nursing implications
Shake solution
Advise about timing of other drugs
Should wait 2 hours between med administration
Magnesium citrate: characteristics
Bowel prep- evacuant
Osomotically active in GI
Magnesium citrate: nursing implications
Refrigerate to make more palatable
Pour over ice
LT use will cause F&E imbalance
Polyethylene Glycol: characteristics
Tx of occasional constipation
Can be used up to 2 weeks w/o F&E imbalance
Polyethylene Glycol : nursing implications
Mix w/ 8oz every 10-15minutes
LT use will cause F&E imbalance and dependence
Polyethylene Glycol/ electrolyte : Characteristics
Osmotic agent
Bowel prep for colon procedures
Reconstituted with water
4 L/ volume
Saline enema: characteristics
Intermittent Tx chronic constipation
Bowel prep
Osmotically active in GI (increased Peristalsis)
Bismuth subsalicylate: characteristics
Adsorbent
Indications: nausea, abdominal cramping, heartburn, indigestions
Mild to moderate diarrhea
Travelers diarrhea
Salicylate- anti inflammatory properties
Bismuth subsalicylate; nursing implications
- may increase risk of salicylate toxicity if taken w/ ASA
Stools and tongue may appear grey- black
May be C/I w/ ASA sensitivity
diphenoxylate/atropin: characteristics
atropine
Opiate
- antidiarrheal/ anticholinergic combo drug
- schedule 5 controlled sub stance
- inhibits excess GI motility
- atropine- decrease GI mobility
loperamide: characteristics
-Synthetic anti-diarrheal
-Slows peristalsis
-Tx of acute diarrhea
-Maintenance for chronic diarrhea d/t irritable bowl disorder
(IBS, Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis)
-similar to diphenoxylate
loperamide: nursing implications
AE: dizziness (CNS suppressant), dry mouth
tachycardia
may be taken after each loose stool;
NTE max dose for acute diarrhea (16mg in hospt)
diphenoxylate/atropin: Nursing implications
atropine
AE: dizziness (CNS suppressant), dry mouth
tachycardia
may be taken after each loose stool;
NTE max dose (8mg/day)
risk of dependence w/ high dose/LT use
usually used as adjunct ; underlying cause
needs to be treated 1st
Lactobacillus acidophilus: characteristics
beneficial probiotic
corrects altered GI flora after bouts of diarrhea
Travel’s diarrhea
antibiotic-induced diarrhea
Lactobacillus found in food
Lactobacillus acidophilus: nursing implications
can be used in acute care
depends on patient’s diet
found in yogurt or in liquid, tablet, powder
