Laws & Ethics

Question 1

IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)

Answer 1

Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) for children with disabilities.
Right to special education in LRE
Coverage: birth to graduation or 21 y/o
Early intervention: birth-3 y/o
Provided an Individualized Education Program (IEP).
Regular progress reports for parents and guardians.
Goal: prep kids for continued ed/work/independent living

Question 2

IFPS (Individualized Family Service Plan)

Answer 2

Early intervention (birth-3)
Family centered: services for child and family
Reviewed every 6 months
Focused on developmental goals and transition to Pre-k at 3 y/o

Question 3

IEP (Individualized Education Program)

Answer 3

Ages 3-21
MUST have identified disability that negatively impacts learning, focused on child’s educational needs
Reviewed annually
SLP’s job: ID areas of concern, address areas in IEP, write long and short term goals for each area to address

Question 4

504 plan

Answer 4

ALL AGES (k-12-college)
Ensures ACCESS to education
Accommodations within general ed curriculum

Question 5

ESSA (Every Student Succeeds Act)

Answer 5

Replaced NCLB to ensure success for student/schools
States have a bigger role in holding schools accountable (set their own standards and goals)
Annual testing, prep for college/work, and extra supports for ELLs

Question 6

Public law 94-142 (education of the handicapped act)

Answer 6

Protection of rights through due process
Guaranteed education in LRE
Required IEPs and FAPE 3-21 y/o

Question 7

Public law 99-457 (early intervention)

Answer 7

Mandated IFSPs
Increased support for infants and toddlers

Question 8

ADA (American with Disabilities Act)

Answer 8

Civil rights protections in employment for individuals with disabilities
Anti-discrimination
Broad protection
Employer requirements: reasonable accommodations and accessibility measures

Question 9

HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)

Answer 9

Protects patients, medical records, and other health info
Privacy standards across all forms (paper, electronic, etc.)
Patients have right to access their medical info

Question 10

SSA (social security act)

Answer 10

Supports elderly with federal benefits
Enhanced public services
Impact on SLPs
Incentive reimbursements → optimize tx strategies
Cost limits → reduction in SLP service, SLPs must advocate for patients

Question 11

Telepractice Guidelines

Answer 11

PRIVACY: Best practice is to use encrypted video conferencing platforms to protect client confidentiality.
Clinicians providing services via telepractice are bound by federal and state regulations as they would be when providing in-person services.
CONSENT: Clinicians obtain documentation of informed consent from the client (see Principle I, ASHA Code of Ethics) to manage risk.

Question 12

ASHA Code of Ethics I

Answer 12

safeguard CLIENT welfare→ treatment of clients and research participants’ rights

Question 13

Example of a Breach:
Sharing a client’s private health information without proper consent, violating HIPAA.
Providing a treatment approach that is not evidence-based, leading to potential harm.
Using coercive methods to involve clients in research studies without full disclosure of risks.

Answer 13

ASHA Code of Ethics I

Question 14

ASHA Code of Ethics II

Answer 14

clinical competence: think “CC” → 2 c’s

Question 15

Example of a Breach:
Offering voice therapy for a complex laryngeal condition without proper training in voice disorders.
Failing to stay up to date with current research and using outdated therapy methods.
Supervising graduate students or assistants without ensuring adequate competency in the assigned tasks.

Answer 15

ASHA Code of Ethics II

Question 16

ASHA Code of Ethics III

Answer 16

responsibility to the PUBLIC → advocating

Question 17

Example of a Breach:
Advertising fluency services with exaggerated claims of “guaranteed results,” misleading the public.
Handing out brochures that omit critical details or give false impressions about services.
Providing biased, inaccurate information to the public about treatment options or competing services

Answer 17

ASHA Code of Ethics III

Question 18

ASHA Code of Ethics IV

Answer 18

responsibility to the PROFESSION

Question 19

Example of a Breach:
Speaking negatively about a colleague’s competency without evidence, undermining their professional reputation.
Engaging in unprofessional behavior, such as refusing to share resources or knowledge with peers.
Falsifying clinical outcomes in reports or research to appear more competent.

Answer 19

ASHA Code of Ethics IV

Question 20

Progress Notes

Answer 20

ASHA emphasizes the importance of accurate and timely documentation of therapy sessions. Progress notes should detail the services provided, the student’s response, and any modifications to the treatment plan. This documentation is essential for tracking student progress and ensuring continuity of care.

Question 21

IEPs

Answer 21

reviewed annually
ASHA underscores the necessity of developing IEPs that are SMART and align with the curriculum and standards, focusing on the student’s present levels of academic achievement and functional performance. Regular monitoring and data collection are crucial to assess progress and make necessary adjustments.

Question 22

lesson plans in schools

Answer 22

integrating speech and language goals into the general education curriculum.
encouraged to collaborate with educators to create lesson plans that support students’ communication needs within the classroom setting.

Question 23

SMART Goals

Answer 23

Specific: Clearly define the desired outcome.
Measurable: Establish criteria to assess progress.
Attainable: Set realistic goals based on the student’s abilities.
Relevant: Ensure goals are pertinent to the student’s educational needs.
Time-bound: Specify a timeframe for achieving the goal.

Question 24

SMART goal example

Answer 24

Specific: The goal is clearly focused on the student producing 3-4 word sentences.
Measurable: The progress will be tracked by the accuracy of sentence production, aiming for 80% accuracy.
Attainable: Based on the student’s current abilities, producing 3-4 word sentences is a reasonable target with the appropriate support and practice.
Relevant: This goal is relevant to the student’s need to improve sentence structure for better communication
Time-bound: The goal should be achieved within the next 4 weeks, with progress reviewed regularly.