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Laws Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Children’s Charter?

A
  • 1889
  • Children’s Charter focuses on educates and services,that protect child safety and security and their rights.
  • Provides protection for children up to their 18th birthday and allows them to feel safe even if something at home isn’t.
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2
Q

Factory Act?

A
  • 1833
  • The Government passed the Factory Act to improve conditions for children working in factories. Young children were working long hours and to combat this they made it so there was no child workers under nine years of age.
  • It was an attempt to improve standards of work everywhere.
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3
Q

Contraceptive pill?

A
  • 1961
  • They allowed for people to have more fun and experience sexual activities with less responsibilities.
  • There was less risk of getting pregnant and then abortions or children.
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4
Q

Legalization of homosexuality for 21+?

A
  • 1967
  • Sexual Offences Act 1967. An Act to amend the law of England and Wales relating to homosexual acts.It decriminalised homosexual acts in private between two men, both of whom had to have attained the age of 21.
  • Gay rights movement, also called homosexual rights movement or gay liberation movement, civil rights movement that advocates equal rights for gay men.
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5
Q

Legalization of abortion?

A
  • 1967
  • The Act made abortion legal on a wide number of grounds in all of Great Britain (but not Northern Ireland) up to 28 weeks’ gestation.
  • It was legalised to give women more freedom and choice.
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6
Q

Divorce Reform Act?

A
  • 1969
  • The Act reformed the law on divorce by enabling couples to divorce after they had been separated for two years if they both desired a divorce, or five years if only one wanted a divorce.
  • The act enabled divorce to become easier for unhappy couples to access.
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7
Q

Equal Opportunities and Equal Pay?

A
  • 1970
  • The Equal Pay Act 1970 gives an individual a right to the same contractual pay and benefits as a person of the opposite sex in the same employment, where the man and the woman are doing work rated as equivalent.
  • It helped slightly but mens pay is still higher than womens.
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8
Q

Sex Discrimination Act?

A
  • 1975
  • The Act concerned employment, training, education, harassment, the provision of goods and services, and the disposal of premises.
  • The act was used to prevent discrimination, as regards terms and conditions of employment, between men and women.
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9
Q

The Child Support Act?

A
  • 1991
  • The act focused on maintaining the welfare of the child.
  • It didn’t focus in on step children as much.
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10
Q

The Children Act?

A
  • 1989
  • The act allocates duties to local authorities, courts, parents, and other agencies in the United Kingdom, to ensure children are safeguarded and their welfare is promoted.
  • The act focuses on the safeguarding of children, and this includes anyone under the age of 18. The Act centres on the idea that children are best cared for within their own families; however, it also deals with cases when parents and families are not the best option too.
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11
Q

New Deal for Lone Parents?

A
  • The New Deal for Lone Parents has been introduced in three phases.This means that lone parents can come into the New Deal programme in one of two main ways: as existing recipients of Income Support whose youngest child reaches the age of 5, or as new claimants of Income Support who only have school-age children.
  • It was done to allow families with one parent some extra funds.
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12
Q

Longer maternity pay?

A
  • You can earn money whilst off having your child and caring for them.
  • Helped families survive whilst not working for a while or having one source of income.
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13
Q

2 weeks paid paternity pay from 2003?

A
  • Paid paternity leave of two weeks was first introduced in 2003. It allows fathers or same-sex partners to take two weeks of leave at a rate of £140.98 per week or 90% of the person’s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.
  • Paid by the employer and allowed to earn whilst caring for a newborn.
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14
Q

Child Tax Credit, paid to the mother?

A
  • Children is parents are divorced and living with the mother have to be paid for via the father.
  • It was for both parents to pay and look after the child still.
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15
Q

Sure Start?

A
  • Sure Start is a Programme targeted at parents and children under the age of four living in the most disadvantaged areas. Sure Start projects deliver a wide variety of services which are designed to support children’s learning skills, health and well-being, and social and emotional development.
  • It benefits children in non privilaged areas. Evidence from the evaluation, which has now been running for ten years, has shown some positive results for children.
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16
Q

2002 Adoption and Children Act?

A
  • The Adoption and Children Act 2002 is a law in the United Kingdom allowing unmarried people, and same-sex couples, in England and Wales to adopt children.
  • The Children Act 2002 states that the interests of children and young people are paramount in all considerations of welfare and safeguarding and that safeguarding children is everyone’s responsibility.
17
Q

2004 Children’s Act?

A
  • The Children Act 2004 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Act amended the Children Act 1989, largely in consequence of the Victoria Climbié inquiry.
  • It is aimed to help children ages 5-13 maintain attendance at school. All of these points fall under the Children Act but the main and most important purpose is to ensure and provide the best levels of care and protection.
18
Q

2005 Same sex civil partnerships?

A
  • The Civil Partnership Act 2004 gave same sex couples the right to register as civil partners from 21 December 2005. The Marriage of Same Sex Couples Act 2013 enabled same sex couples to marry.
  • Civil partners are entitled to the same property rights as married couples, the same exemption as married couples on inheritance tax, social security and pension benefits, and also the ability to obtain parental responsibility for a partner’s children.
19
Q

Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act?

A
  • 2009
  • The Act constitutes a major review and update of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990.It allowed for appropriate surgery for the purpose of children.
20
Q

Same sex marriage?

A
  • 2014
  • Legislation to allow same-sex marriage in England and Wales was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in July 2013 and took effect on 13 March 2014. The first same-sex marriages took place on 29 March 2014.
  • On the same day, the Supreme Court decided a challenge to the federal DOMA law that limited over one thousand federal benefits to marriages defined as a relationship between a man and a woman. It ruled that the restriction violated equal protection and due process for married same-sex couples.
21
Q

Child Tax Credit restricted to two children?

A

-In the 2015 Summer Budget the Government that the child element of child tax credit would be limited to two children for those born after 6 April 2017 unless certain exceptions apply.There is no more than one child already on the claim. An exception applies.

22
Q

Troubled Families programme?

A

-It targeted struggling families and helped with financial or general help.

23
Q

British Nationality Act?

A
  • 1948
  • The British Nationality Act 1948 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that created the status of Citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies as the national citizenship of the United Kingdom and its colonies.Similar legislation was also passed in most of the other Commonwealth countries.
24
Q

1962 Commonwealth Immigration Act

A
  • This controlled the immigration of all Commonwealth passport holders (except those who held UK passports). Prospective immigrants now needed to apply for a work voucher, graded according to the applicant’s employment prospects.
  • The British Nationality Act of 1948 immigrants from British colonies had rights to.This controlled the immigration of all Commonwealth passport holders.
25
Q

The Immigration Act?

A
  • 1971
  • The Immigration Act 1971 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning immigration. The Act, as with the Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1962, and that of 1968, restricts immigration, especially primary immigration into the UK.
26
Q

The Single European Act?

A
  • 1987
  • Single European Act, agreement enacted by the European Economic Community that committed its member countries to a timetable for their economic merger and the establishment of a single European currency and common foreign and domestic.
27
Q

Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act?

A
  • 2002
  • The Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It received royal assent on 7 November 2002.

Sociology (11 decks)

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