Education Flashcards
What does FSM stand for?
Free School Meals
How do pupils qualify for FSM?
Primary schools are given a pupil premium for: Children in Reception to Year 6 who are, or have ever been, entitled to free school meals based on their family income: £1320 per pupil, per school year. Children in care: £2300 per pupil, per school year.Same for FSM.
What is pupil premium?
The pupil premium is a grant given by the government to schools in England to decrease the attainment gap for the most disadvantaged children, whether by income or by family upheaval. For each pupil who is eligible for free school meals, their school receives £1,320 or £935
How do pupils qualify for pupil premium?
Primary schools are given a pupil premium for: Children in Reception to Year 6 who are, or have ever been, entitled to free school meals based on their family income: £1320 per pupil, per school year. Children in care: £2300 per pupil, per school year.Same for FSM.
Define compensatory education.
Compensatory education offers supplementary programs or services designed to help children at risk of cognitive impairment and low educational achievement succeed.
In 2018-2019, what percentage of pupils not eligible for FSM achieved 5 GCSE grades, A*- C?
- In 2017/18, 43.3% of all pupils got a ‘strong pass’ (grade 5 or above) in GCSE English and maths
- 75.3% of pupils from the Chinese ethnic group got a strong pass in GCSE English and maths, the highest percentage out of all ethnic groups
- 5.3% of White Gypsy/Roma pupils and 9.9% of Traveller of Irish Heritage pupils got a strong pass in GCSE English and maths, the lowest percentages out of all ethnic groups
In 2018-2019, what percentage of pupils eligible for FSM achieved 5 GCSE grades, A*- C?
The GCSE results for 17-year-olds and over showed a big fall in the resit pass rate in maths, down from 26.5% last year to 23.7%, meaning 137,000 out of 180,000 entries resulted in failure
Define material deprivation.
Material deprivation can be defined as the inability to afford basic resources and services such as sufficient food and heating. Material deprivation generally has a negative effect on educational achievement.
List 5 reasons why material deprivation may affect educational achievement.
- Higher levels of sickness in poorer homes may mean more absence from school and falling behind with lessons
- Less able to afford ‘hidden costs’ of free state education: books and toys are not bought, and computers are not available in the home
- Tuition fees and loans would be a greater source of anxiety to those from poorer backgrounds.
- Poorer parents are less likely to have access to pre-school or nursery facilities.
- Young people from poorer families are more likely to have part-time jobs, such as paper rounds, baby sitting or shop work, creating a conflict between the competing demands of study and paid work.
Define cultural deprivation.
Cultural deprivation is a theory in sociology where a person has inferior norms, values, skills and knowledge. The theory states that people of the working class experience cultural deprivation and this disadvantages them, as a result of which the gap between classes increases.
List 5 reasons why cultural deprivation may affect educational achievement. In your flashcards, refer to specific sociologists or researchers
- Working class parents may show a lack of interest in their children’s education
- Lower class parents are less able to help their children with homework
- Lower class children are more likely to speak in a restricted speech code. Rather than the elaborated speech code- Basil Bernstein argued this.
- Working class children are more concerned with Immediate Gratification rather than deferred gratification,Barry Sugarman argued this.
- The underclass has a higher than average percentage of single parent families. Melanie Philips argued this.
Cultural deprivation theories are criticised for blaming the working class for their own ‘failure’. Instead of blaming the working class, cultural capital theories consider why it’s easier for middle class students to achieve.
Cultural Capital Theory is a Marxist theory of differential educational achievement. In contrast to cultural deprivation theory, cultural capital theory does not see working class culture as inferior, or lacking in any way, it just sees it as different to middle class culture. Instead of blaming working class underachievement on flawed working-class culture, cultural capital theory focuses on the dominance of middle class culture in society and social institutions.
The concept of cultural capital was developed by Pierre Bourdieu (1984).
Bourdieu’s concept of cultural capital refers to the collection of symbolic elements such as skills, tastes, posture, clothing, mannerisms, material belongings, credentials, etc. that one acquires through being part of a particular social class.
Define cultural capital.
In the field of sociology, cultural capital comprises the social assets of a person that promote social mobility in a stratified society.
Define social capital (see page 21 in your textbook) e.g. knowing teachers, knowing head teachers, knowing who to contact to find the best tutor for your child
As knowledge regarding human development and learning has grown at a rapid pace, the opportunity to shape more effective educational practices has also increased. Taking advantage of these advances, however, requires integrating insights across multiple fields—from the biological and neurosciences to psychology, sociology, developmental and learning sciences—and connecting them to knowledge of successful approaches that is emerging in education. This article seeks to contribute to this process by drawing out the implications for school and classroom practices of an emerging consensus about the science of learning and development (SoLD), outlined in a recent synthesis of the research (Cantor, Osher, Berg, Steyer, & Rose, 2018; Osher, Cantor, Berg, Steyer, & Rose, 2018).
