Law Of Obligations Flashcards
Emptio venditio
Sale
Seller:
- classical law: custodian
- Justinianic law: culpa levis in abstracto and dolus
- actio venditi (damages assessed on seller’s interest)
Buyer:
- actio empti (damages assessed on buyer’s interest with consequential loss)
- actio redhibitoria (full purchase price and interest for serious defects)
- actio quanti moris (difference in value for less serious defects)
- actio de modo agri (double damages for overstated land)
- actio auctoritatis (double damages for eviction)
- exceptio non adimpleti contractus
Societas
Partnership
Standard of care:
- early law: dolus
- classical law: culpa levis in abstracto
Actions:
- actio pro socio
- actio communi dividundo
Mandatum
Mandate/agency
Mandator:
- culpa levis in abstracto
- actio mandati directa (what accounted for and any profits) as well as infamia
Mandatarius
- early classical law: dolus
- late classical law: culpa levis in abstracto
- actio mandati contraria (expenses and damages)
- cognitio extraordinaria (remuneration)
Locatio conductio
Letting and hiring
Locator:
- culpa levis in abstracto
- actio locati
Conductor:
- culpa levis in abstracto
- actio conducti
Depositum
Deposit
Depositor:
- culpa levis in abstracto
- actio depositi directa and infamia
Depositee:
- culpa lata dolo aequiparatur
- actio depositi contraria and ius retentionis
Commodatum
Gratuitous loan of a corporeal
Lender:
- actio commodati directa
Borrower:
- custodia
- actio commodati contraria and ius retentionis
Mutuum
Gratuitous loan of a fungible
Lender:
- action certae pecuniae (money-loan)
- conviction triticaria (other fungibles)
Borrower:
- strict duty to return thing in equivalent
Stipulatio
Formal promise
Actions:
- condictio certae pecuniae (specific sum of money)
- condictio triticaria (specific thing)
- actio ex stipulatu (any act or abstention)
Permutatio
Barter/exchange
Actions:
- actio praescriptis verbis (enforce)
- actio in factum (enforce)
- condictio (negate)
Aestimatum
Brokage/sale or return
Donor:
- culpa levis in
Recipient:
- culpa levis in
Actions:
- actio praescriptis verbis
- actio in factum
- actio aestimatoria (?)
Precarium
Grant at will
Grantor:
- interdict de precario
- actio praescriptis verbis (Justinian)
Holder:
- culpa lata dolo aequiparatur
Transactio
Compromise of a legal dispute
- Stipulatio - actio ex stipulatu
- Informal - actio doli (fraud); actio praescriptis verbis (Justinian)
- Acceptilatio - exceptio pacti
Negotiorum gestio
Dominus:
- action negotiorum gestorum directa
Gestor:
- culpa levis in abstracto
- dolus in emergencies
- actio negotiorum gestorum contraria
Common ownership and joint heirship
Standard of care:
- culpa levis in concreto
Actions:
- actio communi dividundo
- actio familiae erciscundae
Damnum iniuria datum
Wrongful damage to property
Actions:
- actio legis Aquiliae
- actio utilis
- actio in factum
Noxal liability for animals
Actions:
- actio de pauperie
- edictum de feris
Furtum
Theft
Actions:
- actio furti manifesti (x4)
- actio furti nec manifesti (x2)
- actio furti concepti (x3)
- actio furti oblati (x3)
- actio furti prohibiti (x4)
- rei vindicatio
- condictio furtiva
Rapina
Robbery
Actions:
- actio vi bonorum raptorum (x4)
Iniuria
Outrage
Actions:
- actio iniuriarum
Dolus
Fraud
Actions:
- restitutio in integrum
- exceptio doli
- actio doli (infamia)
Metus
Duress
Actions:
- restitutio in integrum
- exceptio metus
- actio quod metus causa (x4)
Servi corruptio
Corruption of a slave
Actions:
- actio servi corruptio
Iudex litem suam facit
The judge who makes the case his own
Actions:
- Ulpian: dolus
- Gaius and Justinian: strict liability
- actio in factum
Things thrown or poured
Actions:
- action de rebus effusis vel deiectis
Things placed or suspended
Actions:
- actio de posito et suspenso
Shipper, innkeepers and stablekeepers
Standard:
- culpa in eligendo?
- strict vicarious liability?
Actions:
- actio in factum
