law enforcement, c1700-c1900

Question 1

What were the 3 main continuations in law enforcement in the 18th century?

Answer 1

• Parish constables dealt with disorderly behavior, petty criminals, and beggars.
• watchmen, organized by Parish constables, responsible for protecting private property
• part-time soldiers used to deal with rebellions and riots

Question 2

When did the Feilding brothers set up the bow street runners?

Answer 2

1748

Question 3

Who did Feilding appoint as the bow street runners (principal officers)?

Answer 3

Theif takers, who had previously been mistrusted due to their lack of effectiveness and questionable reputation of being easily paid off.

Question 4

When did the Bow Street Runners officially begin getting paid by the government?

Answer 4

1785

Question 5

What made the Feilding brother’s view new and original?

Answer 5

• Their objective was to deter criminals by increasing the chances of them being caught.
• They had regular foot patrols along major roads.
• They understood the importance of sharing information about crime and suspects with other law enforcers.

Question 6

What was the Middle Essex Justices act and when?

Answer 6

1748, set up further offices, six constables tasked with the job of detecting and arresting suspects.

Question 7

What were the main 3 concerns about the new police force?

Answer 7

• concern for privacy and personal freedom
• doubt it would make a difference to law and order
• too expensive to fund

Question 8

When was London’s first professional police force?

Answer 8

1829 - metropolitan police act, uniformed police force 17 districts across London, 4 inspectors and 144 constables in each.

Question 9

What slowed the spread of police forces between regions?

Answer 9

• public concern about potential costs
• no co-cooperation between regions
• Developments in the police force were optional rather than compulsory

Question 10

What was the 1856 police act?

Answer 10

compulsory for all areas to have the police force. Police force inspected by government officials and only received government financials if they pass. established deterrence through detection of criminals.

Question 11

when were the first National Crime Records set up?

Answer 11

1869 - new tech in policing.

Telegraph communications policies forces could communicate quickly.

Question 12

When was Scotland yard established?

Answer 12

1842 - viewed with suspicion as they wore normal clothing.

Question 13

What were the developments of the CID?

Answer 13

1878 - Set up, 200 detectives recruited
1883 - further 600 added
The 1880s- tried to identify jack the ripper by his handwriting.
1902 - secured first conviction using fingerprints.