LAW 1 TERMS

Question 1

Law

Answer 1

A set of rules of conduct, established by the government, for all members of society to obey and follow.

Question 2

Code of Hammurabi

Answer 2

Hammurabi recognized the need to take nearly 300 laws and present them in a recorded form to all citizens. This set of laws is one of the most important and earliest records we have of full written laws.

Earliest codification of law 4000 years ago.

Question 3

Codification

Answer 3

A code is simply a written collection of a country’s laws, Clearly arranged so that they can be used and understood. The process of preparing a code is called codification.

Question 4

Retribution

Answer 4

The code followed a principle that the strong should not injure the weak, and the punishment should fit the crime, prescribing “eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth”

A deserved penalty; Vengeance.

Question 5

Mosaic Law

Answer 5

A code of laws set out in the first five books of the testament, established under Moses, approximately in 1400 BC.

Question 6

Ten Commandments

Answer 6

Engraved on two stone tablets from god. Forbids such things as killing, adulatory, and bearing false witness, continues to hold central position in teachings of both the Jewish and Christian faiths.

One of the main parts of mosaic law.

Question 7

Restitution

Answer 7

Mosaic Law required restitution, the offender repaying the victim for goods stolen.

The act of making good; the act of returning what was unlawfully taken away from a person.

Question 8

Justinian Code

Answer 8

A code of law put into writing under Justinian, empower of Rome, during fifth and sixth centuries. A collection of past laws, opinions from leading Roman legal experts, and new laws enacted by Justinian.

Question 9

Napoleonic code/French civil code

Answer 9

A code of civil law drawn up by Napoleon Bonaparte, and adapted in France in 1804; the basis of the civil law in Quebec today.

Question 10

Feudalism

Answer 10

A political, social, and economic system prevalent in Europe between the 9th and 15th centuries that was based on the relations between lords and vassals.

Question 11

Assizes

Answer 11

Trials held before travelling judges.

Question 12

Common law

Answer 12

1) Law that relies on court decisions for its authority and recorded in case law reports, as distinct from statute law.

2) The law that developed in English courts, as distinct from French civil law.

3) Law that is common to all people.

Question 13

Stare decises or precedent

Answer 13

Stare decises: Latin phrase meaning “to stand by previous decisions”.

Precedent: The legal principle in which court cases with similar facts result in similar decisions also known as state decises.

Question 14

Case law

Answer 14

The decisions of judges, in contrast to statute law, recorded in reports to form precedents.

Question 15

Citation

Answer 15

A reference to the source of a law case found in reports.

Question 16

Rule of Law

Answer 16

The fundamental principle that neither the individual nor the government is above the law; society is governed by law that applies equally to all persons.

Question 17

Parliament

Answer 17

The highest national law-making body in Canada

Question 18

Statute Law:

Answer 18

All law passed by parliament or a provincial legislature

Question 19

British North America Act (BNA act)

Answer 19

Canada’s first constitution: an Act of the British Parliament that brought the dominion of Canada into being on July 1,1867.

Question 20

Statute Of West Minister 1931:

Answer 20

An act passed in 1931 in England, giving Canada specific rights concerning law making.

Question 21

Amending formula:

Answer 21

A procedure to amend or change Canada’s constitution without the involvement of the British Parliament.

Question 22

Patriation:

Answer 22

To return to one’s own country; for example, the patriation of Canada’s constitution from England in 1982

Question 23

Constitution Act 1867

Answer 23

Formerly the British North America act 1867, distributed legislative powers between federal and provincial governments.

Question 24

Constitution Act 1982

Answer 24

Canadians constitution, which includes the Canadian Charter of rights and freedoms and an amending formula.

Question 25

Jurisdiction:

Answer 25

Authority or power to do something, such as make laws.

Question 26

Bylaws

Answer 26

Written laws formally passed by a municipality

Question 27

Crown Attorney

Answer 27

A prosecutor of criminal matters on behalf of the crown and society.

Question 28

Accused:

Answer 28

A person charged with a crime

Question 29

Defendent

Answer 29

A party being sued in a civil action or charged by a criminal offence

Question 30

Plaintiff

Answer 30

A party suing in civil action