Latin Vocabulary 1

Question 1

a-, an-

Answer 1

absence, lack.

Examples: abiotic, in the absence of life; anaerobic, in the absence of air.

Question 2

actino-

Answer 2

ray.

Example: actinomycetes, bacteria that form star-shaped (with rays) colonies.

Question 3

albo-

Answer 3

white.

Example: Streptomyces albums produces white colonies.

Question 4

amphi-

Answer 4

around.

Example: amphitrichous, tufts of flagella at both ends of a cell.

Question 5

amyl-

Answer 5

starch.

Example: amylase, an enzyme that degrades starch.

Question 6

ana-

Answer 6

up.

Example: anabolism, building up.

Question 7

anti-

Answer 7

opposed to, preventing.

Example: antimicrobial, a substance that prevents microbial growth.

Question 8

archae-

Answer 8

ancient.

Example: archaebacteria

Question 9

aur-

Answer 9

gold.

Example: Staphylococcus aureus, gold-pigmented colonies.

Question 10

bacillo-

Answer 10

a little stick.

Example: bacillus, rod-shaped.

Question 11

basid-

Answer 11

base, pedestal.

Example: basidium, a cell that bears spores.

Question 12

blast-

Answer 12

bud.

Example: blastospore, spores formed by budding.

Question 13

bovi-

Answer 13

cattle.

Example: Mycobacterium bovis, a bacterium found in cattle.

Question 14

brevi-

Answer 14

short.

Example: Lactobacillus brevis, a bacterium with short cells.

Question 15

butyr-

Answer 15

butter.

Example: butyric acid, formed in butter, responsible for rancid odor.

Question 16

caseo-

Answer 16

cheese.

Example: caseous, cheeselike.

Question 17

cerato-

Answer 17

horn.

Example: keratin, the horny substance making up skin and nails.

Question 18

chloro-

Answer 18

green.

Example: chlorophyll, green-pigmented molecule.

Question 19

chrom-

Answer 19

color.

Examples: chromosome, readily stained structure; metachromatic, intracellular colored granules.

Question 20

chryso-

Answer 20

golden.

Example: Streptomyces chryseus, golden colonies.

Question 21

-cide

Answer 21

killing.

Example: bactericide, an agent that kills bacteria.

Question 22

cocci-

Answer 22

a berry.

Example: coccus, a spherical cell.

Question 23

coeno-

Answer 23

shared.

Example: coenocyte, a cell with many nuclei not separated by septa.

Question 24

col-, colo-

Answer 24

colon.

Examples: colon, large intestine; Escherichia coli, a bacterium found in the large intestine.