History

Question 1

Hooke

Answer 1

Hooke’s observations laid the groundwork for development of the cell theory, the concept that all living things are composed of cells.

Question 2

van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 2

Anton van Leeuwenhoek, using a simple microscope, was the first to observe microorganisms.

Question 3

Virchow

Answer 3

Rudolf Virchow introduce the concept of biogenesis: living cells can arise only from preexisting cells.

Question 4

Pasteur

Answer 4

Louis Pasteur demonstrated that microorganisms are in the air everywhere and offered proof of biogenesis.

Question 5

Lister

Answer 5

Joseph Lister introduced the use of a disinfectant to clean surgical wounds in order to control infections in humans.

Question 6

Koch

Answer 6

Robert Koch proved that microorganisms cause disease. He used a sequence of procedures, now called Koch’s postulates, that are used today to prove that a particular microorganism cuases a particular disease.

Question 7

Jenner

Answer 7

Edward Jenner demonstrated that inoculation with cowpox material provides humans with immunity to smallpox.

Question 8

Ehrlich

Answer 8

Paul Ehrlich introduced an arsenic-containing chemical called salvarsan to treat syphilis.

Question 9

Semmelweis

Answer 9

Ignaz Semmelweis advocated hand washing to prevent transmission of puerperal fever from one OB patient to another.

Question 10

Fleming

Answer 10

Alexander Fleming observed that the Penicillium fungus inhibited the growth of a bacterial culture. He named the active ingredient penicillin.