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Social Studies > Latin America Test > Flashcards

Latin America Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Which Latin American country is a major producer of chocolate?

A

Brazil

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2
Q

Other than Latin America, which continent holds the other top major cocoa PRODUCERS?

A

Africa

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3
Q

Why is there less cocoa available for consumption?

A

The supply is lower than the demand.

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4
Q

What is an embargo?

A

a government order that limits trade in some way

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5
Q

What was the relationship between US and Cuba before the embargo was lifted?

A

The two countries have different political view points, so they argue and are contrasting. The feud started in the Cold War.

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6
Q

Other than lifting the embargo, how else do the two countries plan to “normalize” relations?

A

exchange prisoners and open embassies

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7
Q

What were the three major civilizations that developed in Latin America prior to Spanish arrival?

A

Aztecs, Incans, and Mayans

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8
Q

Who controlled most of Latin America?

A

Spain

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9
Q

Who had control of Brazil?

A

Portugal

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10
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

discovers the Americas/New World

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11
Q

Hernan Cortes

A

Conquers Aztec empire

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12
Q

Francisco Pizarro

A

Conquers Incan Empire

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13
Q

Miguel Hidalgo

A

Mexico:
promoted rights of natives and Mexican born
Led “Cry of Delores” revolt
Spanish win; Hidalgo is executed

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14
Q

Simon Bolivar

A

Venezuela/Gran Colombia:
starts as a supporter for Venezuelan independence
becomes leader of the movement
becomes president of “Gran Colombia” (Colombia, Venezuela, Panama, and Ecuador)

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15
Q

Juan de San Martin

A

Argentina/Chile:
participated in Argentina independence movement
led successful surprise attacks against Spain
Passed work to Bolivar after getting Chilean independence

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16
Q

Eva Peron

A 
Argentina:
wife of Juan Peron, president of Argentina
promoted women's rights to vote
advocated for the poor
LOVED by Argentine people
died in 1952
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17
Q

What are the five official languages found in Latin America?

A

English, Spanish, French, Dutch, and Portuguese

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18
Q

What is the most common language spoken in Latin America?

A

Spanish

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19
Q

List 5 countries and official languages for each.

A 
English- Belize, Jamaica, and Guyana
Spanish- Mexico
French- French Guyana
Dutch- Suriname
Portuguese- Brazil
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20
Q

What/who influenced Latin American food over the years?

A

Africa and Europe

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21
Q

Out of all the regions in Latin America, which area has the most influence in their food?

A

Caribbean

22
Q

What flavors are found in Caribbean foods?

A

citrus-y, aromatic, sweet, tart, and spicy

23
Q

Food from the Americas:

A 
corn
potatoes
peppers
chocolate 
guinea pigs
24
Q

Food from Europe:

A

chicken
beef
pork
citrus

25
Q

What new food genre is emerging in North America?

A

Nuevo Latino

26
Q

How has Nuevo Latino formed?

A

Today, a lot of these South American grains and foods are making an appearance in North America. These South American foods, combined with other global influence, creates a new style.

27
Q

When is Dia de los Muertos celebrated?

A

November 1

28
Q

Who is being honored on Dia de los Muertos?

A

lives of the deceased

29
Q

Where is Dia de los Muertos commonly celebrated?

A

Mexico

30
Q

How do people celebrate at Dia de los Muertos?

A

food and drink
parties
activities that the deceased once participated in
decorate altars or cemetery sites

31
Q

When is Semana Santa celebrated?

A

Holy Week

32
Q

Where is Semana Santa commonly celebrated?

A

Guatemala, Mexico, and Spain

33
Q

How do people celebrate Semana Santa?

A

Processions are held to honor the Saints, Jesus, and Mary

There are special services to honor different events of Holy Week

34
Q

When is Cinco de Mayo celebrated?

A

May 5

35
Q

Where is Cinco de Mayo commonly celebrated?

A

Mexico and US

36
Q

How do people celebrate Cinco de Mayo?

A

Battle reenactments, parades, music, dance, and more

37
Q

When is Carnival celebrated?

A

January - March

38
Q

Where is Carnival commonly celebrated?

A

Rio de Janiero, Brazil

39
Q

How do people celebrate Carnival?

A

dances and competitions
parades
elaborate and colorful costumes
parties

40
Q

What do some of these holidays have in common?

A

parades, music, dance, joy

41
Q

What are the four main genres of Latin American music?

A

Amerindian, Iberian, African, Mestizo

42
Q

What instruments are commonly heard in each genre?

A

Amerindian- percussion, winds, panpipes, flutes, harps, fiddles, and guitars
Iberian- harps, fiddles, and guitars
African- conga drums + sticks, call and response, drums
Mestizo- mixed

43
Q

What are the three sub genres of African style Latin American music? What instruments are used in these sub genres?

A

Calypso: steel band
Rumba: conga drums+sticks, call and response
Merengue: vocal

44
Q

What dances are used in the different styles of Latin American music?

A

Desafio, Cueca, Joropo, Sones, and Corrido

45
Q

a wooden rectangular box played as a drum. the musician sits on top and taps the front with both hands, coming up with variations of timbre depending on where it is being played

A

cajon

46
Q

rattle made from sheep, llama, or goat hooves dried in the sun. oiled and sewn into a wrist cloth bracelet

A

chajchas

47
Q

a hollowed gourd made form the fruit of a “higuera” or gourd plant, with grooves carved on the side. a fine wire fork is used to scratch the ridges, producing a scraping sound

A

guiro

48
Q

donkey jawbone used as a percussion instrument. the instrument is held with one hand and struck on the side to make the teeth rattle, whereupon the sound is amplifies by the bone structure itself. the teeth can also be scraped with a thin stick

A

Quijada de burro

49
Q

a bowl shaped percussion instrument made from a steel instrument made from a steel barrel divided into sections producing different notes when struck; think under the sea

A

Steel Drums/Band

50
Q

What is the most popular religion in Latin America?

A

Roman Catholicism

Social Studies (14 decks)

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