Latin America Flashcards
Central America
Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Belize, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Panama
Middle America
Mexico including Baja, Central America, and Caribbean Islands
Central America countries that don’t touch both seas/oceans
Belize and El Salvador
Greater Antilles
Jamaica, Cuba, Hispaniola (Haiti and Dominican Republic), Puerto Rico
Lesser Antilles
Leeward Islands and Windward Islands
Reasons for underdevelopment
Civil unrest, ruthless leadership, and industrial world exploitation
Aztec domain
Mexico City and high plateau areas
Maya domain
Yucatan peninsula lowlands
Inca domain
Andes Mountains
Mulatto
African + White European
Mestizo
Native Indian + White European
Zambo
African + Native Indian
Mexican
Mestizo + Mestizo
Mainland / hacienda
In interior around highlands; agriculture for local consumption, year round
Rimland / plantation
Humid tropical lowland areas; agriculture for export, seasonal
Caribbean Islands
Poverty, dense population. Less advanced. Deforestation and poor agriculture. Tourism
Mexico City
20% of Mexico’s population. Tenochtitlan-Aztec. Bad air pollution
Vertical agriculture
Tierra Helada (permanently frozen) Puna (tree line, grazing) Tierra Fria (potatoes, barley, wheat) Tierra Templada (coffee, corn, tobacco, wheat) Tierra Caliente (tropical agriculture)
Guatemala
Ancient Mayans. Coffee and cotton. 45% native Indian
Belize
Half African Mulatto. Sugar, fishing, tourism. Only touches Caribbean Sea
Honduras
90% mestizo. Coffee, bananas, lumber, sugar
El Salvador
Volcanoes. Deforestation, substinence. Only touches Pacific Ocean
Nicaragua
Civil war ended in 1990; still has problems
Costa Rica
No standing army. Tourism. San Jose is westernized. High standard of living. Coffee, bananas, beef, sugar
Panama
Panama Canal, isthmus. US removed drug puppet Noriega. Bananas, sugar, rice, coffee, shrimp, fishmeal
Physiography of South America
Andes Mountains, Amazon Basin, Plateau Region
Andes Mountains
Tallest is Mt. Aconcagua at 23,000ft. Active volcanoes and altiplanos
Plateau Region of South America
Periphery, particularly Atlantic Ocean side
South America population
Mainly around periphery. High literacy rate 90%
South America languages
Spanish and Portuguese
Inca Indian Civilization
Altiplanos. Last stand was Machu Picchu
How many countries in South America?
13; two are landlocked
Venezuela ❤️
Home to llanos (savanna environment with oil), Angel Falls, and ABC Islands
Guiana’s ❤️
Guyana, Surinam, and French Guiana
Colombia ❤️
Llanos, Andes. Good land, drug gangs and dissident guerrillas. Coffee, oil, coal, process cocaine
Peru ❤️
Fishing is big. Cotton, sugar. Humboldt current and El Niño. Desert coast, Andes highlands, eastern rainforest
Ecuador ❤️
Galápagos Islands. Bananas**, coffee, cocoa, oil, cocaine. Fishing.
Bolivia ❤️
Landlocked. Lake Titicaca and La Paz. Potatoes, silver, tin ore, cocaine
Paraguay ❤️
Landlocked. 95% mestizo. Poor population.
Argentina ❤️
Pampas. Breadbasket. Railroads. Exports cereal grains, animal feed, vegetable oil, meat and wool. Gran Chaco. Falkland Islands.
Patagonia ❤️
In Argentina. An area of low hills and plateaus with desert climate
Tierra del Fuego
Island on south tip of S. America. Half Argentina half Chile.
Uruguay ❤️
Sheep, wool, cattle, hides. European culture
Chile ❤️
Elongated state. North-Atacama Desert. Middle-90% of population. South-hostile environment
Brazil ❤️
Bulk of population on coast. Portuguese, catholic. No Andes mountains. San Paulo, Itaipu Dam, Manaus
