Last Practical!!!!

Question 1

Progression of urine to the ureter

Answer 1

Cortex, medulla, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter

Question 2

Renal corpuscle is made up of…

Answer 2

Glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule

Question 3

Renal tubules are made up of…

Answer 3

Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle (descending –> ascending), distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct

Question 4

Types of nephrons

Answer 4

Cortical and juxtamedullary

Question 5

Function of cortical nephrons

Answer 5

Major regulatory or excretory functions

Question 6

Function of juxtamedullary nephrons

Answer 6

Concentrate or dilute the urine

Question 7

Pathway of urine

Answer 7

Renal artery, nephron, calix, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra, urination

Question 8

Where are renal corpuscles found?

Answer 8

ONLY in the cortex

Question 9

Type and function of the epithelium of the renal tubules/collecting ducts

Answer 9

Simple cuboidal = secretion and absorption

Question 10

Type of epithelial in the bladder

Answer 10

Transitional (allows it to stretch and relax)

Question 11

Normal constituents of urine

Answer 11

Water, urea, uric acid, creatinine, sodium, sulfate ions, potassium, phosphate,

Question 12

Constituents found in smaller amounts

Answer 12

Calcium, magnesium, bicarbonate ions

Question 13

Abnormal urinary constituents

Answer 13

Glucose, proteins, pus, RBCs, hemoglobin, bile pigment

Question 14

Pathway of sperm

Answer 14

Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, prostate gland, urethra

Question 15

Function of seminal gland/vesicles

Answer 15

Secretion, sperm fuel, decreases viscosity of mucus at entrance of cervix

Question 16

Function of prostate gland

Answer 16

Secretion, activates sperm, citrate = nutrient source

Question 17

Function of bulbourethral gland

Answer 17

Secretion, thick, clear mucus that drains into the spongy urethra (neutralizes acidic urine leftover)

Question 18

Function of epididymis

Answer 18

Sperm gain their ability to swim

Question 19

Function of testis

Answer 19

Production of sperm (non-motile, immature here)

Question 20

Function of sertoli cells

Answer 20

Nourishment of developing sperm

Question 21

Order of sperm in seminiferous tubule

Answer 21

Spermatogonium, spermatocyte, spermatid

Question 22

Difference between epididymis and seminiferous tubule

Answer 22

No progression of cells towards the center on the epididymis histology

Question 23

What cells release testosterone

Answer 23

Interstitial cells

Question 24

Function of cilia on epididymis

Answer 24

Absorb excess testicular fluid and dead sperm in the epididymis and vas deferens

Question 25

Paired dorsal erectile bodies

Answer 25

Corpus cavernosum

Question 26

Helmet of top of sperm

Answer 26

Acrosome

Question 27

Function of acrosome

Answer 27

Contains hydrolytic enzymes that allow the sperm to penetrate and enter the egg

Question 28

What is the spermatic cord made up of?

Answer 28

Contains the nerve fibers, blood vessels, lymphatics and vas deferens