Last Practical!!!! Flashcards
Progression of urine to the ureter
Cortex, medulla, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter
Renal corpuscle is made up of…
Glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule
Renal tubules are made up of…
Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle (descending –> ascending), distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
Types of nephrons
Cortical and juxtamedullary
Function of cortical nephrons
Major regulatory or excretory functions
Function of juxtamedullary nephrons
Concentrate or dilute the urine
Pathway of urine
Renal artery, nephron, calix, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra, urination
Where are renal corpuscles found?
ONLY in the cortex
Type and function of the epithelium of the renal tubules/collecting ducts
Simple cuboidal = secretion and absorption
Type of epithelial in the bladder
Transitional (allows it to stretch and relax)
Normal constituents of urine
Water, urea, uric acid, creatinine, sodium, sulfate ions, potassium, phosphate,
Constituents found in smaller amounts
Calcium, magnesium, bicarbonate ions
Abnormal urinary constituents
Glucose, proteins, pus, RBCs, hemoglobin, bile pigment
Pathway of sperm
Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, prostate gland, urethra
Function of seminal gland/vesicles
Secretion, sperm fuel, decreases viscosity of mucus at entrance of cervix
Function of prostate gland
Secretion, activates sperm, citrate = nutrient source
Function of bulbourethral gland
Secretion, thick, clear mucus that drains into the spongy urethra (neutralizes acidic urine leftover)
Function of epididymis
Sperm gain their ability to swim
Function of testis
Production of sperm (non-motile, immature here)
Function of sertoli cells
Nourishment of developing sperm
Order of sperm in seminiferous tubule
Spermatogonium, spermatocyte, spermatid
Difference between epididymis and seminiferous tubule
No progression of cells towards the center on the epididymis histology
What cells release testosterone
Interstitial cells
Function of cilia on epididymis
Absorb excess testicular fluid and dead sperm in the epididymis and vas deferens
Paired dorsal erectile bodies
Corpus cavernosum
Helmet of top of sperm
Acrosome
Function of acrosome
Contains hydrolytic enzymes that allow the sperm to penetrate and enter the egg
What is the spermatic cord made up of?
Contains the nerve fibers, blood vessels, lymphatics and vas deferens
