Last Phys Lectures

Question 1

what causes primary hyposecretion

Answer 1

abnormality in the gland itself

Question 2

what causes secondary hyposecretion

Answer 2

deficiency of the gland’s tropic hormone

Question 3

what does down regulation of hormone receptors result in?

Answer 3

decreased sensitivity to hormone

Question 4

what is hormone permissiveness

Answer 4

one hormone enhancing the target cell’s responsiveness to another hormone

Question 5

are chondrocytes a component of bone?

Answer 5

no

Question 6

what hormone is permissive to growth hormone

Answer 6

thyroid hormone

Question 7

what is the main constituent of colloid in the thyroid gland

Answer 7

thyroglobulin

Question 8

what attaches iodide to tyrosine

Answer 8

thyroid peroxidase

Question 9

what can inhibit TSH and thyroid hormone secretion

Answer 9

stress

Question 10

what would a person without PTH die from

Answer 10

hypocalcemia respiratory spasm

Question 11

How does PTH increase plasma calcium concentration

Answer 11

by enhancing kidney activation of vitamin D

Question 12

what does calcitonin do to Ca2+ mobilization

Answer 12

decreases CA2+ mobilization from bone

Question 13

what is the active form of Vitamin D

Answer 13

calcitriol

Question 14

what does aldosterone do

Answer 14

promotes Na reabsorption and K excretion

Question 15

what is a symptom of aldosterone hypersecretion

Answer 15

hypokalemia

Question 16

what is a metabolic effect of cortisol

Answer 16

stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis

Question 17

what does cortisol have permissive action for

Answer 17

catecholamines

Question 18

how is cortisol regulated

Answer 18

by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex axis

Question 19

what does DHEA do in females

Answer 19

contributes to pubic and axillary hair growth

Question 20

what causes primary adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison’s disease)

Answer 20

autoimmune destruction of adrenal cortex

Question 21

what is a symptom of aldosterone deficiency

Answer 21

hypotension

Question 22

T/F: epinephrine and norepinephrine bind to different types of receptors

Answer 22

true

Question 23

what does somatostatin inhibit

Answer 23

digestive system, insulin and glucagon secretion

Question 24

what is not an effect of insulin on carbohydrate metabolism

Answer 24

stimulating gluconeogenesis

Question 25

what are incretins

Answer 25

hormones that increase insulin secretion

Question 26

what causes metabolic acidosis in DM

Answer 26

breakdown of glucose into lactic acid

Question 27

what is a feature of metabolic syndrome

Answer 27

abdominal obesity

Question 28

what does glycogen promote

Answer 28

lipolysis

Question 29

does glucagon secretion increase or decrease in response to hypoglycemia

Answer 29

increase

Question 30

what do endocrine disorders usually result from?

Answer 30

abnormal plasma concentrations

Question 31

why are testes located in the scrotum

Answer 31

because sperm production requires a temp lower than body temp

Question 32

what is the primary function of seminal vesicles

Answer 32

provide fructose for sperm energy

Question 33

what doe the scrotum do when it is hot outside

Answer 33

bring testes closer to the body

Question 34

what does inhibin do

Answer 34

inhibits secretion of FSH

Question 35

where is inhibin produced

Answer 35

Sertoli cells

Question 36

what initiates puberty in males

Answer 36

increase in GnRH

Question 37

what is the site of implantation and fetal development

Answer 37

uterus

Question 38

when does oogenesis begin

Answer 38

during fetal development

Question 39

when is the first meiotic division completed

Answer 39

just before ovulation

Question 40

when is the second meiotic division completed

Answer 40

upon fertilization

Question 41

what triggers menstruation

Answer 41

drop in estrogen and progesterone

Question 42

where are fimbriae located

Answer 42

at the end of the fallopian tube

Question 43

what is progesterone essential for

Answer 43

preparing uterus for implantation

Question 44

what does estrogen do during the follicular phase

Answer 44

inhibit FSH and LH secretion

Question 45

what does the AVPV do

Answer 45

regulate the LH surge

Question 46

what blocks the oocyte maturation inhibitor

Answer 46

LH

Question 47

what is gonadal sex

Answer 47

presence of testes/ovaries

Question 48

what does Naegele's Rule assume

Answer 48

a 28 day cycle with a 14 day follicular phase

Question 49

how quickly must fertilization occur after ovulation

Answer 49

within 12-24 hrs

Question 50

what is a morula

Answer 50

solid ball of cells formed by mitotic divisions

Question 51

what does the placenta develop from

Answer 51

maternal and fetal tissue

Question 52

how does HpL regulate fuel availability

Answer 52

promotes maternal insulin resistance

Question 53

why is progesterone converted to DHEA

Answer 53

increase H2O solubility and aid in transportation

Question 54

why is iron deficiency anemia a concern

Answer 54

because an increase in red blood cell volume puts a strain on iron stores

Question 55

what does progesterone mediated vasodilation do

Answer 55

decreases systemic BP

Question 56

does fibrinolytic activity increase or decrease during pregnancy

Answer 56

decrease

Question 57

does progesterone increase or decrease the sensitivity of the brain respiratory center to CO2

Answer 57

increase sensitivity

Question 58

what happens to PCO2 and PO2 levels during pregnancy

Answer 58

PCO2 decreases PO2 increases

Question 59

what happens to plasma creatinine during pregnancy

Answer 59

plasma creatinine decreases

Question 60

what is prolactin responsible for

Answer 60

mammary gland development

Question 61

what is the function of oxytocin in lactation

Answer 61

milk ejection

Question 62

what antibody is found in collostrum

Answer 62

IgA

Question 63

what happens to pituitary gland activity during pregnancy

Answer 63

decreases in activity

Question 64

what is a risk of Rh incompatibility

Answer 64

fetal anemia

Question 65

what is RhoGAM

Answer 65

injection of Rh immune globulin

Question 66

what does progesterone do during parturition

Answer 66

keeps uterus inactive until term

Question 67

when does Rh incompatibility occur

Answer 67

when mother is Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive