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Last Minute Toughies Flashcards

1
Q

How do NSAIDs affect Lithium Levels

A

Increase Them

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2
Q

Appearance of someone with DiGeorge

A

Short palpebral fissures and Small low-set ears

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3
Q

First Line management of Rhinitis

A

Azelastine (intranasal antihistamines)

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4
Q

What antibiotic is given for epiglottitis

A

Phenoxymethylpenecillin

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5
Q

How long is the coryza phase for bronchiolitis

A

1-3 Days

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6
Q

Treatment for Mild Pneumonia in children

A

Amxicillin

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7
Q

Treatment for severe pneumonia in children

A

Co-Amoxiclav

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8
Q

AT what age should children with pneumonia be admitted as first line intervention

A

<1 month

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9
Q

What condition causes a pulses paradoxus

A

Pericarditis

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10
Q

What medication is given in the meantime for co-arctation of aorta while surgery is pending

A

Prostaglandins

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11
Q

Role of ARBs in Heart Failure/ASDs/VASDs

A

Afterload reduction

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12
Q

Diagnosing Klinefleter’s

A

Amniocentesis

CVS

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13
Q

What physical features are associated with fanconi’s anaemia

A

Short stature + Cafe Au Lait Spots

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14
Q

What physical features are associated with DBS

A

Cleft Palate
Short Stature
Deafness

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15
Q

TO cause remission of UC, what is given

A

5-ASA or IV Hydrocortisone

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16
Q

To retain remission in UC what is given

A

Mesalazine

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17
Q

TO cause remission of Crohn’s, what should be given

A

Steroids

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18
Q

Maintenance therapy for Crohn’s

A

Azathioprine

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19
Q

After what age can we use the carotid pulse in children

A

> 1 year

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20
Q

Treatment of Shigellosis

A

Clarithromycin

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21
Q

What is Kwashiorkor

A

Protein Deficiency

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22
Q

What are Schiller-Duval Bodies

A

Tubules with simple cuboidal epithelium

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23
Q

Signs of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

A

Macrocyctic Anaemia
Lactulose Breathing Test is positive for H+
Crypt hyperplasia and flattened villi

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24
Q

What genetic condition is overlapping of fingers seen

A

Edward’s

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25
What is clinodactyly
Curved fingers
26
What size are physiological cysts
<2.5 cm
27
Blood test results for embryological carcinomas
Raised beta-hCG
28
Triad for Friedrich Ataxia
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Ataxia Scoliosis
29
What is craniosyntosis
Premature fusion of the cranial sutures - usually saggital
30
Main complication in children who's mother's had gestational diabetes
Ventricular septal defects and ASDs
31
Onset for Lennox-Gestaut Syndrome
2-6 Years
32
What food should be avoided in phenylketonuria
Meat
33
Sign of Maple Syrup Urine Disease
Sweet smelling urine caused by Isoleucine -> Sotolone Accompanied by spasming of all muscles
34
Signs of Homocystinuria
Methionine synthase deficiency Deficiencies in B12 and Folate
35
Treatment plan for Emergency asthma exacerbation
55. 1. Inhaled Salbutamol 2. Nebulised salbutamol 3. Nebulised Ipratropium 4. If O2<92%, nebuliser magnesium sulphate 5. Oral or IV steroids 6. IV Salbutamol 7. Aminophylline
36
IgA Nephropathy vs Post-Strep Glomerulonephritis
IgA - Happens DAYS after onset POst Strep - Happens WEEKS after onset
37
First Line management of psychosis
Oral Antipsychotic Medications PLUS Psychological therapy
38
What may indicated autoimmune encephalitis
A preceding infection
39
When is a Section 136 conducted
Antisocial behaviour that requires a police warrant for taking in (e.hg., jumping off a bridge)
40
When is Section 135 used
When people are being destructive in their own home
41
How long is the incubation period for Hep A
6 Weeks
42
What drugs can cause osteoporosis
Phenytoin PPIs Heparin Ciclosporinsteroids
43
When are bisphosphonates contraindictaed
eGFR <35
44
Management if ABCD2 score >4
Give 300mg aspirin + Referral in 24 hours
45
When should umbilical hernias in children be repaired
Symptomatic: 2-3 years Asymptomatic: 5 Years
46
When is the PCV vaccine given
3 months | 1 year
47
When is the oral rotavirus vaccine given
2 Months | 3 Months
48
Average age of getting a retinoblastoma
18 Months
49
What antipsychotic can cause myopcarditis
CLozapine
50
What antipsychotic causes constipation
Clozapine
51
Indicates for a CT head within 1 hour
1. GCS <13 on initial assessment 2. GCS < 15 2 hours post-injury 3. Any depression of the skull 4. Signs of basal skull fractures 5. Seizures 6. Focal deficits 7. >1 episodes of vomiting
52
What microbe can cause meningitis that stains with India Ink
Cryptococcus Neoformans (encapsulated organisms)
53
First Line treatment of sinusitis
Phenoxymethylpenecillin
54
First line management of chlamidyia in pregnant women
Azithromycin NOT Doxycycline
55
What drugs are contraindicated with COCP
Anti-Eplieptics
56
At what palpation fraction can instrumental delivery be used
Less than 1/5ths palpable
57
What PREP is given to children
zidovudine
58
What is the safest/ideal management plan for Placenta Accrete Spectrum
Elective C-Section + Hysterectomy
59
When is an amniotomy first line management
In multiparous women with no foetal compromise Usually given if failure to progress in the first stage of pregnancy
60
At what week should women with dichorionic twins be offered an elective birth
37 Weeks
61
What layers are cut through in a C-Section
Skin - subcutaneous fat - rectus sheath - rectus abdominus muscle - peritoneum - uterine myometrium - amniotic sac
62
At what gestation age can baby movements be felt
18-20 weeksa
63
What murmur is heard in pregnant women
Ejection Systolic Murmur
64
AT what week is a second test for anaemia and red cell alloantibodies conducted
28 Weeks
65
Should nifedipine be given orally or IV in pregnancy
Oral
66
When is one point added to the bishop score
1. Pre-Eclampsia | 2. Each Previous vaginal delivery
67
When is one point subtracted from bishop score
1. Post Date Pregnancy 2. No Previous Vaginal Deliveries 3. pPROM
68
Consequence of haemolytic disease of the newborn
Hydrops Fetalis
69
Before inducing labour in premature rupture of membranes or prolonged rupture of membranes, what should be done first?
Blood culture and a course of antibiotics
70
Define 4 aspects of the epidemiological approach
1. Size of issue 2. Services available 3. Evidence Base 4. Models of care
71
Three domains of public health
1. Health Improvement 2. Health Protection 3. Improving Services
72
Four factors that influence perception of risk
Lack of personal. experience Belief that preventable by personal action Belief that if it hasn't happened now, it won't happen Belief it's a rare problem
73
Define cultural Sensibility
Relates to someone's moral, emotional or aesthetic ideas or standards
74
First line investigation for vestibular schwannomas
Audiogram and Gadolinium-enhanced MRI head
75
IN what type of neurofibromatosis are axillary freckles more common
NF Type 1
76
First line surgical procedure for an extradural haemorrhage
Parietotemporal craniotomy
77
What is the most common consequence of a subarachnoid haemorrhage
SIADH
78
What bone is commonly fractures in an extradural haematoma
The Pterion
79
What is a common complication of an intraventircular bleed
Hydrocephalus
80
What surgical management is used for necrotising enterocolitis
Laparotomy
81
What is the first line investigation for suspected bowel cancer
Faecal immunochemical test
82
When should a CT colonography be used
If the patient is too old or more likely to have a risk of perforation
83
What is the tumour marker for bowel cancer
CEA
84
Risk Factors for gallstones
FFFF Fat Fair Female Forty
85
What substance causes contraction of the gallbladder
Cholecystokinin from the duodenum
86
What serum levels can be checked to diagnose sepsis
Mast Cell Triptase
87
Most common cause of late onset neonatal sepsis
Staph Aureus

year 3 (25 decks)

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