LAST MINUTE STUDY PREP!

Question 1

What cancers is EBV associated with? (2)

Answer 1

Burkitt’s lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Question 2

What chromosome/gene fuses with what in CML?

Answer 2

abl from 9 fuses with bcr from 22

Question 3

Methods for distinguishing hyperplasia (reactive proliferation) from true neoplasm such as adenoma (e.g. to determine clonality)

Answer 3

X chromosome inactivation, and Ig light chain (>3:1)

True neoplasms have monoclonal proliferation

Question 4

What do DNA viruses (such as HPV, HHV8) do to genetics?

Answer 4

They inactivate tumor suppressor genes

Question 5

Calretinin is a marker for

Answer 5

Mesothelioma!

Question 6

Cytokeratin is a marker for

Answer 6

Carcinoma!

Question 7

CDX-2 is a marker for

Answer 7

Colon cell carcinoma!

Question 8

Reddish nodule lesions likely indicates which tumor, from which virus, and which disease is this seen in?

Answer 8

May mean KAPOSI’S SARCOMA
from HHV-8 VIRUS
which is associated with AIDS (kaposi’s is most common)

Question 9

What is acanthosis nigricans often associated with?

Answer 9

Stomach carcinomas

Question 10

What antigens do neuroendocrine tumors express? (3)

Answer 10

NSE, chromogranin, and synaptophysin
(and cytokeratin)
(NSE is neuron specific enolase)

Question 11

What antigens are seen in melanomas? (3)

Answer 11

S-100, HMB-45, Melan-A

Question 12

CA-125 is in…

Answer 12

ovarian/uterine tumors etc

Question 13

CA 19.9 is in….

Answer 13

pancreatic tumors

Question 14

What is seen in smooth muscle tumors?

Answer 14

VIMENTIN, desmin, msa

Question 15

TTF-1 is seen in

Answer 15

pulmonary carcinoma (metastatic) (or any primary neuroendocrine tumor)

Question 16

Carcinoid tumors are

Answer 16

neuroendocrine tumors!

Question 17

LCA means?

Answer 17

Lymphoma! (leukocyte common antigen)
there should be NO cytokeratin
(if expresses CD20 and CD79a it’s a B-cell lymphoma, T cell would express CD3 and UCHL)

Question 18

Vascular endothelial markers include

Answer 18

CD31, CD34 and factor 8

vimentin means sarcoma

Question 19

Leiomyosarcoma would express

Answer 19

muscle actin, desmin, and vimentin

Question 20

Tumor marker

Answer 20

Ki-67

Question 21

Diff between acute and chronic leukemias?

Answer 21

In acute, there’s a block in differentiation, so lots of immature blasts; whereas chronic involves disordered prolif, so maturation is revved up so you would see many mature cells

Question 22

AML histo

Answer 22

hypercellular, lots of blasts, auer rods (often)

Question 23

AML with intermediate prognosis?

Answer 23

9;11

15;17 is good px

Question 24

Which translocation is Burkitt’s lymphoma?

Answer 24

(8;14)

Question 25

ALL

Answer 25

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
most common in kids, can also be in adults
like AML plus splenomeg/lymphadenopath, worse px than AML
hides in brain/spinal cord so need intrathecal tx
poor px: 9;22, 11q23, HYPOdiploid

Question 26

MDS (and histo)

Answer 26

Myelodysplastic syndrome: don’t differentiate into mature
Increased risk of AML
70+
Slides show psuedo Pelger-Huet cells (neutros with bilobed dumbell shaped nuclei)
Less than 20% blasts
RBCs have ring sideroblasts (iron stain)
del 5q macro anemia etc (favorable)