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Question 1

role of azetazolamide

Answer 1

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (e.g. Dorzolamide) Reduces aqueous production

Question 2

role of timolol

Answer 2

Reduces aqueous production

Question 3

role of pilocarpine

Answer 3

miotics - increases uveoscleral outflow

Question 4

management of open-angle glaucoma

Answer 4

Treatment commenced >24mmHg

First line: Prostaglandin analogue eye drops (latanoprost)

• increase uveoscleral outflow
• eyelash growth

Other options

• Beta blockers (timolol)- reduced production of humour
• Carbonic anhydrase imhibitors (dorzolamide) -reduce produce of himour
• Sympathomimetics (brimonidine) reduce production and increased uveoscleral outflow

Definitive: Trabeculectomy

• This involves creating a new channel from the anterior chamber, through the sclera to a location under the conjunctiva.
• It causes a “bleb” under the conjunctiva where the aqueous humour drains.
  It is then reabsorbed from this bleb into the general circulation.

Question 5

CT: hypodense vs hyperdense

Answer 5

hypodense- dark
hyperdense- white

Question 6

hypodense

Answer 6

Dark
- oedeama e.g. after intracerebral bleed
- air

Question 7

hyperdense

Answer 7

white
e.g. blood, thrombus, calcification, skull

e.g. ischaemic stroke

Question 8

parkinsons medication

Answer 8

Dopamaine agonists

delays need for LDOPA
- cabergoline
- bromocriptine

LDOPA (synthetic form of dopamine)

• given with carbidopa inhibits DDC, therefore more LDOPA passes BBB
• e.g. co-careldopa (levodopa and carbidopa)

COMPT inhibitors: tolcapone and entacapone

• prevents breakdown of LDOPA within the brain and peripherally
• extending duration of LDOPA

MAO-B inhibitors: Selegilline

• prevents breakdown of LDOPA within the brain