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GCSE PRE > Last bit of PRE > Flashcards

Last bit of PRE Flashcards

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1
Q

Why has God provided families?

A

To develop loving and respectful relationships

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2
Q

Give 3 roles of Christian family

A
  • To protect and nurture their children
  • To discipline their children
  • To develop them spiritually/bring them up Christian
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3
Q

What is a quote supporting the bringing up of your children as Christians?

A

“These commandments that I give you today are to be upon your hearts. Impress them on your children”

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4
Q

What are the 3 blessings marriage offers?

A
  • the creation and nurture of children
  • the correct place for sexual relations
  • help and comfort during all aspects of life
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5
Q

What 2 things do Christians believe about the vows and promises made during marriage?

A
  • That they are for life and should never be broken

- That they not only include the man and the women but also God

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6
Q

What 2 ways should marriage reflect Christ’s love for the Church?

A
  • He is forever committed to his people in the Church, therefore the couple should be forever committed to one another
  • He has showed sacrificial love for his people through his sacrifice upon the cross, and couples should mirror this by not being selfish and considering and supporting the needs of their spouse
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7
Q

Summarise the key features and beliefs of Catholic marriages

A
  • Unbreakable bond between man and women
  • A sacrament
  • Both must be baptised and at least one must be Catholic (must be a man and a women)
  • As a sacrament it brings God’s grace, however does not directly include God within the marriage
  • May involve nuptial mass or eucharist
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8
Q

Summarise the key features and beliefs of Catholic marriages

A
  • Any heterosexual couple welcome (whether they are Christian or baptised does not matter)
  • Also welcomes mixed faith marriages, however the ceremony is still Christian
  • The vows said by the couple directly involve God within the marriage, so it is a bond between the couple as well as God
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9
Q

Summarise the key features and beliefs of Non-conformist/quaker marriages

A
  • A lot more freedom for the couple to plan their own wedding
  • No minister
  • Silent worship until they believe it is time to say their vows
  • Quaker marriage certificate signed by couple and everyone present
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10
Q

What does quaker approach to marriage stress?

A

The belief that the union is being made between the couple and God

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11
Q

What are the views towards civil partnerships?

A 
Some Christians (like CofE and Catholic) do not perform/accept civil partnerships, as they believe marriage is the only place in which sexual relations can occur
Other Christians (across many denominations) believe that civil partnerships should be acceptable in the Church. This is because they believe civil partnerships provide companionship, unity and stability, and that it reflects the biblical value of equality and God's desire to bless faithful lifelong marriages
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12
Q

What are the views towards gay marriage?

A 
Some Christians (like the CofE and Catholic Church) believe that gay marriage should not be allowed, as they believe marriage should be between a man and a woman, as a primary purpose of it is procreation
Other Christians (like the Episcopal Church) believe gay marriage is fine, as it is simply a sign of commitment and love towards one another
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13
Q

What are the views towards pre-marital sex and co-habitation?

A 
Some Christians (such as Catholics) believe cohabitation/pre-marital sex is wrong, as the main role of it is to reproduce, and this cannot happen outside of marriage. It is also believed that a sexual relationship should be unique, therefore happen within marriage
Other Christians (such as CofE Christians) believe that cohabitation/pre-marital sex within a committed relationship is okay, as it is a God-given expression of love, and a key part of a committed relationship
All Christians believe that casual sex is wrong, as the Bible teaches that sex outside of a committed relationship is sinful
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14
Q

What is the purpose of celibacy?

A

So that one is better enabled to share all their love with God, and focus entirely on their faith, without distraction by the love he would have for his wife and children

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15
Q

What are views towards artificial contraception?

A 
Some Christians (such as Catholics) disagree with the use of artificial contraception, as they believe it as it stops reproduction, it is intervening upon God's role for Christians and is unnatural
Other Christians (such as CofE Christians) agree with the use of artificial contraception, in order to ensure children are planned and wanted, and to prevent the spread of STIs and STDs
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16
Q

What is the purpose of abstinence?

A
  • To stop sex before marriage, as sex was created by God as an expression of love WITHIN MARRIAGE
  • Reflects a sense of self-worth and value
  • Shows commitment to God and the Christian faith
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17
Q

What do Catholics believe towards divorce?

A
  • Marriage is permanent and indissoluble- do not accept divorce
  • Divorce simply end the legal agreement of marriage, not the holy agreement
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18
Q

What do Catholics believe towards remarriage?

A
  • Does not accept remarriage- considered adulterous as God has not acknowledged the divorce
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19
Q

What are annulments and what do they mean?

A
  • Doing an annulment means the vows said during marriage were not valid, so the marriage was not valid- there must be reason for an annulment (e.g. if they’d been forced without consent into the marriage)
  • After annulment, you are able to marry again
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20
Q

What does the Church of England believe towards divorce?

A
  • Couples should work hard to keep their vow of lifelong commitment
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21
Q

Complementarianism

A

The belief that men and women were created differently to fulfil equal, different but complementary roles

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22
Q

Role of men in complementarianism

A

As leader of and provider for the family

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23
Q

Role of women in complementarianism

A

Supporter of husband by managing house and raising children

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24
Q

Egalitarianism

A

The belief that men and women have no pre-determined roles, and should be given equal opportunities in every aspect

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25
Q

Things supporting complementarianism

A
  • Jesus chose men to be his disciples

- Jesus was a man

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26
Q

Things supporting egalitarianism

A
  • Jesus broke down barriers between people

- God created men and women both in his image

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27
Q

Why do Catholics believe women cannot be priests?

A
  • Complementarianism

- The authority of Church has been passed down throughout time by men

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28
Q

Prejudice

A

Making a judgement upon a person/situation without knowing the facts

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29
Q

Unitarianism/Jehovah’s witnesses

A
  • The belief that God is only one being
  • Jesus was the son of God, but not God himself.
  • The Holy Spirit is not a separate person, but the force through which God acts
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30
Q

“Let us make…

A

“Let us make man in our image, in our likeness”- God, Genesis 1

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31
Q

3 examples of God’s care for humans

A
  • Provision of a means for salvation
  • Sacrificing Jesus
  • Provision of law and commands
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32
Q

Design argument

A
  • Complexity of the natural world could only be achieved by intelligent design (God) + Analogy of watch - By William Paley
  • The universe is structured so perfectly to ensure that life would develop - By Frederick Tennant
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33
Q

Moral argument

A
  • Our objective sense of right and wrong proves God’s existence
  • Our sense of guilt is the voice of God condemning us and speaking through our conscience
  • Without God and his eventual judgement, there is no reason for conscience and morals to be in place
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34
Q

First cause argument

A
  • Everything in the universe has a cause, therefore the universe must have something that caused it - By Aquinas
  • God is the first cause
  • God himself does not have a cause, because he is eternal
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35
Q

Three miracles

A
  • Healing of leprosy
  • Feeding 5000 from just some fish and bread
  • Calming of the storm
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36
Q

What is a religious experience?

A

When people claim to have a direct encounter with God

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37
Q

Conversion

A
  • An occasion or event that causes a person to adopt a belief in God
  • Often cause a new sense of direction in life with God at the centre
  • Often cause the convert to change their behaviour and choices
38
Q

Mystical experience

A
  • An overwhelming awareness of the presence of God
  • Left with no doubt of God’s experience
  • Strengthening of faith for the individual
39
Q

Charismatic/ecstatic experiences

A
  • A period of intense religious and emotional feeling/experience
  • People in religious ecstasy become less aware of their surroundings
  • Often enter trance like state, with sometimes visions occuring
40
Q

Pentecostalism

A
  • A form of Christianity that emphasises the work of the Holy Spirit and the believers direct experience in the presence of God
  • Through their experience of God, Pentecostals believe they are equipped with gifts of the spirit, like prophecy, healing and glossolalia
41
Q

Sacrament of Penance

A
  • Confession of sins to a priest in the Catholic Church
  • The priest provides absolute absolution of the person so that their sins are forgiven
  • Enables them to draw close to God and relieves them of their guilt
42
Q

“Prepare for…

A

“Prepare for war! Rouse the soldiers!”- Joel 3:9

43
Q

Commandment about murder

A

“Thou shall not murder”

44
Q

What happens during the Old Testament that could condone the use of violence to achieve peace?

A

God condones the use of violence within the context of war (a war fought by the Israelites is ordered by God). However these are fought in order to achieve future peace

45
Q

Common causes of terrorism

A
  • No other alternative
  • Their actions have the potential to force change
  • They believe their use of terror is an appropriate response to the situation
  • They believe they are being marginalised or their culture is being attacked
46
Q

Catholic Church response to terrorism

A
  • They believe a just war is an appropriate and necessary response to terrorism
47
Q

CofE response to terrorism

A
  • They accept the use of lethal force as a LAST resort to combat terrorism
  • Creating stronger communities will help combat some of the causes of terrorism
48
Q

Christian opinions towards involvement in politics

A
  • Some believe God is sovereign and can be trusted, therefore there is no need to be involved in politics
  • Others believe it is their duty to be involved on government actions, and watch and speak up if their is any ongoing injustice
49
Q

3 criteria of just war

A
  • Must be started by proper authority
  • Reason to go to war must be just
  • Must be a last resort
50
Q

Holy War def

A

A war that is fought on behalf of God with his support

51
Q

Three elements of Holy War

A

Religious goal
Authorised by religious leader
Promise of spiritual reward for those taking part

52
Q

“Seek good…

A

“Seek good, not evil”

53
Q

Liberation theology

A
  • God has the power to change situations in the world that are unjust
  • Some Christians take this as their duty and right to stand up against governments that oppress their people, or powers are misused
  • Peaceful protest or supporting those harmed by injustice
54
Q

What does the 7 day week represent?

A

Story of creation

55
Q

Role of the queen

A

Head of state and defender of the faith (in particular the Church of England)

56
Q

Jobs of the queen

A
  • Approves appointment of senior clerics (e.g. archbishops)
  • Opens new sessions of General Synod
  • Keeps coronation vows to maintain the Church
57
Q

Establishment def

A

The Church has strong influence in the state

58
Q

3 things the Church has influence over

A
  • Military
  • Law
  • Education
59
Q

What Church influence does the House of Lords include?

A

26 Lords Spiritual

60
Q

Features of the House of Lords

A
  • None are elected
  • Holding government accountable for spending and actions
  • Make new laws (must be approved by both houses)
61
Q

3 Christian rites of passage

A

Baptism
Marriage
Funerals

62
Q

3 Christian holidays

A

Good Friday, Easter Monday + Christmas Day

63
Q

What percentage of state funded schools are faith schools?

A

Around 1/3

64
Q

What must all schools teach?

A

Religious studies

65
Q

For argument faith schools

A
  • Same curriculum

- Parents should be able to choose schools which shares their values and will bring their child up around Christianity

66
Q

Against argument faith schools

A
  • Funded by public money; they think if churches want faith schools they should pay for them themselves
  • Often select pupils from wealthiest backgrounds
67
Q

Secularisation def

A

The idea that religious beliefs, practices and organisations are becoming less important in society

68
Q

Non data examples of secularisation

A
  • Religion has become a private matter and less influence in public life
  • People have become less committed to religious values and practices
  • People rely on material comforts for happiness so less need for supernatural ideas
69
Q

Data examples of secularisation

A
  • CofE has decreased from 40% of the population in 1983 to 17% in 2014
  • Non-religious has grown rapidly, to 49% of the population
70
Q

Rationalisation def

A

Society has become more committed to following practical and provable principles, like science

71
Q

Differentiation def

A

Society develops increasingly specialised and separated institutions, like education, law, politics

72
Q

Societalisation def

A

Modern life is becoming increasingly organised and less close knit

73
Q

Effects of secularisation

A
  • Fewer people attending Church
  • Fewer people working for the Church
  • Fewer people married or baptised
  • Christian festivals have for most lost their Christians significance
74
Q

Humanism def

A

A way of seeing and reacting to the world using science, logic and reason, and rejecting religious beliefs and ideas

75
Q

What do humanists campaign for?

A
  • Abolish state funded faith schools
  • Remove Bishops from the house of Lords
  • Disestablish the CofE
76
Q

Christian opposition to Euthanasia

A
  • Life is precious - the sanctity of life means it is wrong t euthanise
  • Euthanasia is deliberate killing, therefore in a way is murder, which is forbidden in the 10 commandments
  • Christians have a duty of care for those suffering
77
Q

Assess the right to die

A

The belief that a person’s life is their own, therefore they should have absolute control over it- Christians believe that life is created by God, therefore only he should decide when it should be ended

78
Q

“The Lord giveth…

A

“The Lord giveth, and the Lord taketh away”

79
Q

What does Christianity believe about conception?

A

That the moment the sperm meets the egg, that fertilised egg is sacred, with the same rights as a human

80
Q

CofE belief on artificial insemination

A

It’s okay

81
Q

Catholic view on artificial insemination

A

Not okay

82
Q

CofE vitro fertilization

A

Accepts it, and accepts embryonic testing in the first 14

83
Q

Exclusivism def

A

Only one religion is true and the others are false.

84
Q

Inclusivism def

A

One one true religion, however non-Christians can also go to heaven

85
Q

Pluralism

A

All religions are different routes to God, they are all correct

86
Q

Ecumenism def

A

Unity of Christian churches

87
Q

Intra faith communication def

A

Communication within Christianity across denominations

88
Q

Inter faith dialogue def

A

Understanding the differences between faiths, and respecting then while remaining faithful to their own religion

89
Q

Aims of inter faith dialogue

A

Enabling members of different faiths to form friendships and strengthen social ties
Providing opportunities to learn about each others beliefs values and practices
Engaging in multi faith practical projects

90
Q

Proselytisation def

A

The idea that Christians should convert others to Christianity

91
Q

Why is proselytisation controversial?

A

Because people who are being proselytised may feel and invasion of privacy and that the person does not respect their current views

92
Q

3 countries with religious identity

A

England - Christianity
Israel - Jewish
Thailand - Buddhism

GCSE PRE (6 decks)

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