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Early Islam Recap Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Sunni 6 articles of faith?

A
  • The oneness of Allah
  • Books of Allah
  • Messengers of Allah
  • Angels of Allah
  • Predestination
  • Life after death and the Day of Judgement
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2
Q

What is the word for predestination?

A

Al’Qadr

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3
Q

What is akhirah?

A

Belief in life after death

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4
Q

What are the 5 Shi’a principles of faith?

A
  • The oneness of Allah
  • Devine Justice
  • Prophethood
  • Imams
  • Day of Resurrection
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5
Q

What is Usul ad-Din?

A

The principles of Shi’a faith

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6
Q

What do Sunnis and Shias share beliefs about?

A

The oneness of Allah

Prophethood and the Day of Judgement

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7
Q

What do Sunnis and Shias disagree about?

A

The leadership of faith (who succeeded Muhammad) and divine justice

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8
Q

What is the effect of the core Islam beliefs?

A

Through them they are able to understand all that Allah wants them to know about him, and on what they can rely
They also give Muslims a sense of their own place before Allah and in life, and an understanding of life after death

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9
Q

What is Al-Tawhid?

A

Oneness of Allah

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10
Q

What is Al-Adl?

A

Divine justice

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11
Q

What is Al-Nubuwah?

A

Prophethood

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12
Q

What is Al-Imamah?

A

Imams

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13
Q

What is Al-Maad?

A

Day of resurrection

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14
Q

What is Tawhid?

A

There is only one God, and he alone created and sustains the Earth

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15
Q

What are the effects of Tawhid on believers?

A
  • Everything they have is by the will of Allah, so they are completely dependent on him
  • Allah is their ultimate provider, so Muslims can be content with their lives
  • Anything that happens to them in their lives is as a result of Allah’s will, therefore they should never have anything to fear
  • They completely disagree with the Christian understanding of the Trinity, in seeing God as three persons rather than one
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16
Q

What is the name for the sin of placing something above Allah?

A

Shirk, and it is the greatest sin possible

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17
Q

What is a caliph?

A

A successor to Muhammad

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18
Q

What does Risalah mean?

A

Prophethood

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19
Q

Explain the Sunni Shia disagreement over the successor of Muhammad

A

Sunnis believe the successor of Muhammad was Abu Bakr, whereas Shias believe the successor of Muhammad was Ali

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20
Q

What does Al-Imamah include?

A

The Shia belief in the first twelve Imams chosen by Allah, beginning with Ali

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21
Q

What happened to the first 11 Imams

A

They were martyred

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22
Q

What happened to the twelfth Imam?

A

He is believed to be still living, but in occultation, waiting to reappear at a time chosen by Allah

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23
Q

In Sunni beliefs, how many caliphs were there before Ali?

A

3, Ali was the 4th

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24
Q

What are Imams?

A

Successors of Muhammad, in Shia tradition

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25
What is the Shia belief towards divine justice?
Objective right and wrong Humans are able to use reasoning and free will to decide and do what is right and wrong Allah will judge you on your actions, the righteous will be sent to paradise and the wicked to hell There is no such thing as predestination
26
What is the Sunni belief towards divine justice?
No objective right and wrong Everything that happens is down to Allah's will Predestination exists
27
What is a prophet?
A messenger of Allah, who teaches, guides and trains people about Allah
28
Who was Adam?
First prophet First creation of Allah Made from clay by Allah Given the ability to make choices and reason Was disobedient so was removed from paradise All humans are descendants of Adam (and Eve)
29
What did Ibrahim do?
Prophet Was willing to sacrifice his son (Ismail) for Allah Built the Kaaba with Ismail
30
What did Ismail do?
Prophet Kicked foot and spring appeared saving him and his mother Helped build Kaaba with Ibrahim (his father)
31
What did Musa do?
Prophet Allah told Musa's mother to put him in the Nile, to save him from the Pharaoh Found by Pharaoh's wife, and eventually reunited with mother Through Allah, freed the Israelites from Pharaoh control Received the Tawrat and 10 commandments from Allah
32
What did Dawud do?
Prophet Killed Goliath Eventually made King of Israelites Received the Zabur
33
What did Isa do?
Prophet Performed miracles Believed to have been taken into the presence of Allah, and will one day return on the Day of Resurrection at the end of the world and bring together true Muslims
34
Describe Laylat ul-Qadr
Meditating in cave when angel Jibrail appeared Commanded Muhammad to read but he could not After the 3rd command, he recited the lines like it was written on his heart These were revealed to be the first lines of the Quran
35
What does Laylat ul-Qadr mean?
The Night of Power
36
What does Lailat ul Miraj mean?
The Night journey
37
Describe Lailat ul Miraj
He was awoken by an angel, and taken to Jerusalem on a flying horse His heart was purified and filled with faith and wisdom He was shown both heaven and hell He met and spoke with previous prophets He agreed with Musa that Muslims should pray 5 times a day He was brought into the presence of Allah He was returned and no time had passed
38
What was the Hijrah?
The emigration, in which Muhammad left Mecca and travelled to Yathrib
39
What do the battles of Muhammad show?
That sometimes it is necessary and right to fight for Islam
40
Give 3 books of Allah other than the Quran
The Tawrat The Zabur The Injil
41
Why is the Quran more important than the other books?
As the other books of Allah have been distorted with time, therefore no longer the true word of God, whereas the Quran is the true word of God, and were his words exactly
42
What do Sunni Muslims believe about the Quran?
It is eternal like Allah, and has always been around, though not in written form. They believe it cannot be changed or interpreted
43
What do Shia Muslims believe about the Quran?
It is not eternal, but rather was created by Allah. It can be added to and interpreted by Imams
44
What does the Sunna contain?
What Muhammad did
45
What does the Hadith contain?
What Muhammad said
46
What does Malaikah mean?
Angels
47
What is Nur?
Divine light
48
What are angels?
Created by Allah from Nur Have no free will, only exist to carry out the will of Allah Immortal Do not have physical needs How Allah communicates with human messengers Record all of what humans do and say, ready for the Day of Judgement
49
Give 3 angels
Jibrail Izrail Israfil Mikail
50
Who is Jibrail?
Chief angel | Brought Allah's message to Muhammad and other prophets
51
Who is Izrail?
Angel of death | Responsible for ending each person's death
52
Who is Israfil?
Angel of Last Judgement | Will blow the trumpet to announce the Day of Resurrection
53
Who is Mikail?
Guardian of paradise
54
What is Sifat?
Allah's foreknowledge of all things
55
Who are the Jabrites and what do they believe?
They believe that everything happens as a result of Allah's will, and no matter what happens you should accept it as Allah's will
56
Who are the Mutazilites and what do they believe?
They believe that human free will means predestination cannot exist. They believe that each person will be judged by Allah on the Day of Judgement, and get sent to heaven or hell dependent on their decisions in their life
57
What is Asharism and what does it believe?
They believe that free will and predestination co-exist. They believe humans are able to make the decision between right and wrong, however your lifetime earnings, sex and whether you will enter paradise or heaven is predetermined
58
What is Barzakh?
The period of waiting between a person's death and the Day of Judgement Some believe the souls experience during Barzakh is down to the life the person has led Others believe the soul will be given a temporary body during this time, which will be light or dark, reflecting the good or bad in their life- you will know your final judgement due to the temporary body you are given
59
What is the word for heaven/paradise?
Al-Jannah
60
What is the Day of Judgement?
Some Muslims believe Isa will bring together the true Muslims Others believe Isa will lead a battle until only Islam remains Others believe the twelfth hidden Imam will reappear Allah will use his power to judge every Muslim, on whether they should go to heaven or hell. Those who are not Muslim will be sent directly to hell.
61
What is the word for Hell?
Jahannan
62
What is hell?
A place in which those sent their will be in constant pain and endure eternal suffering. For sinful believers it is a place of purification, where they will be eventually released from For non-believers it is a place of eternal suffering
63
What is martyrdom and what happens to martyrs?
Martyrdom is being killed in defence or struggle for your faith/Islam. Martyrs are sent directly to the presence of Allah
64
What is heaven?
A place in which those sent their will be in constant bliss and peace

GCSE PRE (6 decks)

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