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Environmental Science > LAST 5 BASIC CONCEPTS > Flashcards

LAST 5 BASIC CONCEPTS Flashcards

1
Q

what is the 6th concept?

A

natural resources

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2
Q

materials and energy in nature that are essential or useful to humans

A

renewable

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3
Q

any natural resource that is recycled or replaced constantly by nature

A

renewable

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4
Q

depleted much faster than they are formed

A

non-renewable

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5
Q

limited in supply and cannot be used sustainably

A

non-renewable

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6
Q

example of inexhaustible

A

sun/light energy

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7
Q

what is the 7th concept?

A

natural/ecosystem services

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8
Q

services that the nature provides for people

A

provisional

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9
Q

ecosystems themselves couldn’t be sustained without the consistency of underlying natural processes

A

supporting services

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10
Q

without supporting services, provisional, regulating, and cultural services wouldn’t exist

A

supporting services

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11
Q

non-material benefit that contributes to the development and cultural advancement of people, building of knowledge and the spreading of ideas, creativity born from interactions with nature, and recreation

A

cultural

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12
Q

plants clean air and filter water, bacteria decompose wastes, bees pollinate flowers, and tree roots hold soil in place to prevent erosion

A

regulating

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13
Q

what is the 8th concept?

A

natural capital

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14
Q

natural resources + natural services + sun

A

natural capital

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15
Q

rate at which an ecosystem’s producers convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of biomass found in their tissues

A

gross primary productivity

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16
Q
  • dry weight of all organic matter contained in its organisms
  • transferred from one trophic level to another
A

biomass

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17
Q

rate at which producers use photosynthesis to produce and store chemical energy minus the rate at which they use some of this stored chemical energy through aerobic respiration

A

net primary productivity

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18
Q

measures how fast producers can produce chemical energy that is stored in their tissue and potentially available to other organisms in an ecosystem

A

net primary productivity

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19
Q

types of consumers

A

herbivores, carnivores, omnivores

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20
Q

who are the primary consumers

A

herbivore, feeds on producers

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21
Q

who are the secondary consumers

A

carnivores feed on herbivores

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22
Q

who are the tertiary consumer

A

carnivores that feed on other carnivores

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23
Q

what is the 9th concept?

A

ecological footprints

24
Q

biologically productive land and water needed to indefinitely supply the people in a particular country or area with renewable resources and to absorb and recycle the wastes and pollution produced by such resource use

A

ecological footprints

25
Q

how much resources from the environment are required to support a specific way of life

A

ecological footprints

26
Q

maximum number of people that live indefinite comfort without decreasing earth’s sustainability for the future generation

A

cultural carrying capacity

27
Q

the median age in the Philippines is?

A

25.7 years

28
Q

total land area in the philippines is?

A

298,170 km2

29
Q

model that shows how population resource consumption per person, and the beneficial or harmful effects of technology to determine environmental impact of humans

A

IPAT model

30
Q

what does IPAT means?

A

impact
population
affluence
technology

31
Q

equation of IPAT

A

I = P x A x T

32
Q

factors affecting population size

A

birth rate/ natality and death rate/mortality

33
Q

crude birth rate = annual number of live births per 1000 people in the population of a geographic area at the midpoint of a given year

A

birth rate/natality

34
Q

crude death rate = annual number of deaths per 1000 people in the population of a geographic area at the mid point of a given year

A

death rate/ mortality

35
Q

estimate of the average number of children per woman born to women of childbearing years (ages 15-44) in a given population in a year

A

total fertility rate

36
Q

increase in population size in a certain geographic area that isn’t caused by natural increase but by people deciding to move with intent of staying

A

migration

37
Q

travelling into another

A

immigration

38
Q

travelling out of a place

A

emigration

39
Q

Economic Factors That Affect Natality and Total Fertility Numbers

A

urbanization, average age at marriage, cost of raising and educating children, availability of legal abortions, religion/beliefs

40
Q

best measures of a society’s quality of life because it reflects a country’s general level of nutrition and health care

A

infant mortality rate

41
Q

average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live

A

life expectancy

42
Q

factors that affect death rate

A

life expectancy and infant mortality rate

43
Q

gobble up the country side

A

urban sprawl

44
Q

cement, asphalt

A

urban heat island (UHI)

45
Q

what is the 10th concept?

A

biomes

46
Q

identification of terrestrial

A

temperature and precipitation

47
Q

how many major terrestrial biomes are there?

A

8

48
Q

sand came from?

A

broken down rock minerals

49
Q

it came from from decaying trees, leaves, microorganisms that are broken down by bacteria or fungi

A

soil

50
Q

3 types of aquatic

A

freshwater, marine, estuarine

51
Q

what has hypotonic (less solute) and many H2O

A

freshwater

52
Q

what has hypertonic (many solute or salt) and many NaCl

A

marine

53
Q

what do you call the meeting point of freshwater and marine

A

estuarine

54
Q

it is still classified mostly as marine environment

A

estuarine

55
Q

more emission of greenhouse gases and air pollution can contribute to ?

A

urban sprawl

Environmental Science (3 decks)

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