Last 3 weeks of material

Question 1

chromatography

Answer 1

the process of separating and identifying compounds from a mixture of substances

Question 2

mass spectroscopy

Answer 2

analyze mass-to-charge ratio of charge particles to separate compounds by ions

Question 3

Chemosensation

Answer 3

the perception of environmental chemical compounds and the subsequent processing of this information

Question 4

olfactory sensilla

Answer 4

protect the dendrites of olfactory sensory neurons within sensillar lymph

Question 5

Steps in Olfactory Coding

Answer 5

1.) Individual odors can activate multiple receptors
2.) Individual receptors can detect multiple odors
3.) Receptor response can vary base on odorant concentration
4.) Receptor response duration can vary based on odorant identity

Question 6

What are the chemical cues driving pollinator feeding preferences?

Answer 6

Signal -> Perception/Processing -> Behavior

Question 7

classes

Answer 7

share attributes, like population or species

Question 8

instances

Answer 8

are individuals in a class, and can vary their attribute values

Question 9

attributes

Answer 9

are changeable traits that can influence future outcomes

Question 10

individuals can…

Answer 10

influence each other’s behavior

Question 11

optimal foraging theory

Answer 11

Natural selection resulting in foraging
behavior that maximizes resource collection
and fitness.

Question 12

marginal value theory

Answer 12

A strategy that maximizes gain per unit time
in systems where resources and thus rate of
returns decrease with time.

Question 13

Trapline Foraging

Answer 13

When an organism follows a similar path
when foraging, making minor changes over
time.

Question 14

personality, or behavorial type

Answer 14

consistent, long term behavioral differences between individuals

Question 15

behavioral syndrome

Answer 15

consistent and/or correlated
behaviors

Question 16

coping styles

Answer 16

how an animal
handles stress in the
environment

Question 17

Dimensions of Personality

Answer 17

• consistent behavior over time
• consistent behavior across context
• behavioral syndrome

Question 18

boldness

Answer 18

a pattern of behavior involving risk-
taking, both in familiar and unfamiliar
situations

Question 19

shyness

Answer 19

a pattern of behavior involving
reluctance to take risks or engage in
unfamiliar activity

Question 20

repeatability

Answer 20

when the variation within
an individual’s behavior is significantly
less than the variation between
individuals

Question 21

epigenetic

Answer 21

environmental
influences that can have long
term, even trans-generational,
effects on phenotype

Question 22

game theory

Answer 22

a mathematical tool; when
the payoff that an
individual receives for
undertaking an action is
dependent upon the
behavioral responses of
others

Question 23

producers

Answer 23

search out
and discover new food
sources

Question 24

scroungers

Answer 24

follow producers and feed
from food sources they
have uncovered

Question 25

"Keystone" individuals

Answer 25

single individuals with a disproportionately large effect on the whole group/system

Question 26

cognition

Answer 26

the ability of an animal to separate itself from the moment in which it is living and to contemplate the past, predict the future, and act accordingly

Question 27

anthropomorphism

Answer 27

the uncritical attribution of human characteristics to nonhuman animals

Question 28

anthropodenialism

Answer 28

The belief that humans are more advanced and unique than other species, leading to a rejection of an appreciation for or understanding of the complexity of behavior and cognitive abilities of other animals

Question 29

language

Answer 29

an abstract representation of objects, actions, or emotions that uses symbols, novel combinations, and syntax to allow communication

Question 30

model/rival technique

Answer 30

uses social interactions with two humans (one is the trainer, one is the rival).

Question 31

Theory of mind

Answer 31

the ability to form hypotheses about the thoughts of surrounding animals

Question 32

self-awareness

Answer 32

the ability of an animal to assess its own condition and to contrast that condition with the states of other animals in its population

Question 33

emotions

Answer 33

internal mental states or feelings (e.g. joy, sadness, anger, love) experienced by a human or animal that can influence behavioral decisions