Larynx

Question 1

Functions of the larynx

Answer 1

1. Sound generation

2. Closes off the respiratory system and allow an increase in abdominal pressure

Question 2

What is the laryngeal prominence

Answer 2

The adams apple

Question 3

What structures make a synovial hinge joint in the larynx

Answer 3

The inferior horns of the thyroid cartillage and the cricoid cartilage

Question 4

Where is the cricoid cartillage located

Answer 4

Below the thyroid cartilage and on top of the trachea

Question 5

Posteriorly, what is the arytenoid cartilage and where is it located

Answer 5

Pyramid shaped cartilages above lamin a and articulate with cricoid and permit swiveling and sliding

Question 6

Poseteriorly what is the corniculate and where is it located

Answer 6

Nodules above the artenoids in aryeppigllottic folds

Question 7

Posteriorly what is the cuneiform cartillage and where is it located

Answer 7

Rod shaped above the corniculate carillage

Question 8

What is the epiglottis and where is it connected

Answer 8

Is is a leaf shaped cartillage posterior to the root of the tongue, and is is connected to the body of the hyoid and the posterior side of the thyroid cartillage

Question 9

Thyrohyoid membrane

Answer 9

Links the larynx to the hyoid

Question 10

Median thyrohyoid ligament

Answer 10

Thickened midline part

Question 11

Cricothyroid membrane

Answer 11

Links the thyroid to the cricoid

Question 12

Median cricothyroid ligament

Answer 12

Thickened midline part

Question 13

Cricotracheal ligament

Answer 13

Links the cricoid to the first tracheal cartilage

Question 14

Quadrangular ligament

Answer 14

Links the arytenoid to the epiglottis

Question 15

What is the lower edge of the quadrangular membrane called

Answer 15

The vestibular ligament and is deep to the false vocal folds

Question 16

What is the thyroepiglottic ligament

Answer 16

It links the epiglottis to the thyroid cartillage

Question 17

Where are the vocal ligaments located

Answer 17

Upper free edge of the conus

Question 18

What are the conus elasticus

Answer 18

Vibrating lips that arise from entire upper edge of arch to cricoid. Attach anterior to the thyroid and posterior to the arytenoid.

Question 19

What is the function of the conus elasticus

Answer 19

Sound production (vibrate like lips of a trumpet player

Close rima glottidis-stops the outflow of air and apward movement of the diaphragm

Question 20

What do the intrinsic muscles of the ligament do

Answer 20

Change pitch by changing tension as open/close the rima glottidis

Question 21

Cricothyroid

Answer 21

Tenses the vocal ligament increasing the pitch

Question 22

Thyroarytenoid muscle

Answer 22

Adjacent to the vocal ligament and

Relaxes vocal ligaments to decrease pitch

Question 23

Rotating the arytenoid laterally does what and what muscle is responsible for this

Answer 23

Opens the rima gottidis

Posterior cricoarytenoid

Question 24

Rotating the arytenoid medially does what and what muscle is responsible for this

Answer 24

It closes the rima glottidis and the lateral cricoarytenoids are responsible for this

Question 25

What muscles are responsible for sliding closed the arytenoid

Answer 25

Arytenoideus muscles

Question 26

Aryepiglotic muscle

Answer 26

Pulls epiglottis down during swallowing, covers inlet to larynx, not necessary in adult humans

Question 27

What is the vestibule

Answer 27

Inlet above the false vocally folds

Question 28

Vestibular folds

Answer 28

Overlie the vestibular ligaments

Question 29

Ventricle

Answer 29

Area between he true and false vocal folds; and is a lateral extension of the laryngeal sinus

Question 30

Vocal folds

Answer 30

Overlie vocal ligaments

Question 31

What structure does the superior laryngeal nerve pierce

Answer 31

The thyrohyoid membrane

Question 32

What is an identifying structure for het right recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 32

It passes under the subclavian artery

Question 33

What is an identifying structure for the left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 33

It passes inter the arch of the aorta

Question 34

What does the superior laryngeal nerve divide into and what do the branches supply

Answer 34

1. Internal laryngeal nerve=visceral sensory ABOVE the true vocal folds 2. External laryngeal nerve=branchiomotor to the cricothyroid

Question 35

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve supply

Answer 35

1. Visceral sensory to the larynx below the true vocal folds | 2. Branchiomotor to all other muscles of the larynx

Question 36

What is the arterial supply to the larynx

Answer 36

Superior laryngeal artery from the superior thyroid Inferior laryngeal artery from the inferior thyroid artery

Question 37

What are the lymph structures associated with the larynx above the true vocal folds

Answer 37

The superior deep cervical nodes

Question 38

What are the lymph structures associated with the larynx below the true vocal folds

Answer 38

Inferior deep cervical nodes

Question 39

What is the structure that swells and can suffocate during anaphylactic shock

Answer 39

The vestibular folds