Larynx

Question 1

Larynx position

Answer 1

in from of the 4th/5th/6th cervical vertebrae

Question 2

Epiglottic cartilage

Answer 2

Flexibility of epiglottis

Question 3

during swallowing

Answer 3

Hyoid bone elevates and draws the larynx upward

Question 4

Thyroid cartilage

Answer 4

Laryngeal prominence- two laminae of hyaline cartilage fused @ midline
Carotid artery- bifurcates @ this point

Question 5

Cricoid cartilage

Answer 5

Lies below thyroid cartilage
connects to thyroid cartilage by cricothyroid ligament
connects to the 1st tracheal ring by the cricotracheal ligament
Emergency airway- around C6

Question 6

Arytenoid cartilage

Answer 6

Mounted on either side of the upper posterior border of the cricoid cartilage

site of attachment for the vocal ligament

Question 7

Thyrohyoid membrane

Answer 7

connects the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone- internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve

Question 8

Cricothyroid ligament

Answer 8

site for introduction of emergency airway

Question 9

Vocal ligaments

Answer 9

Vocal folds/cords- form anterolateral edges of the rim a glottides

Question 10

Cricothyroid muscles

Answer 10

Lengthen and adduct the vocal cords

innervated by external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

Question 11

Lateral cricoarytenoid and arytenoideus muscles

Answer 11

Adduction of vocal cords

innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 12

Posterior cricoarytenoid muscles

Answer 12

ABduct the vocal folds

innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 13

Thyroarytenoid muscles

Answer 13

shortening and relaxing vocal cords
-aid in closure of rim a glottides
innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 14

Aryepiglottic muscles

Answer 14

innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve

act as sphincter of the laryngeal inlet and vestibule

Question 15

Vocalis muscles

Answer 15

Relax posterior part of vocal ligaments
-leads to rise in pitch
innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 16

Vestibular folds

Answer 16

False vocal cords- mucous membranes

Question 17

Ventricle

Answer 17

Space btwn the vestibular and vocal folds

Question 18

Vocal folds

Answer 18

True vocal cords

Question 19

Glottis

Answer 19

Refers to both vocal folds and the rim a glottides

Question 20

Superior laryngeal artery

Answer 20

arises from the superior thyroid artery

Question 21

Inferior laryngeal artery

Answer 21

branch of interior thyroid artery

arises from the thyocervical trunk off the subclavian artery

Question 22

Internal laryngeal nerve

Answer 22

Sensory info from the upper portion of the larynx down to vocal cords
Also carries special sensory fibers and preganglionic parasym fibers

Question 23

External laryngeal nerve

Answer 23

Motor to the cricothyroid muscle

-injury produce monotonous low-pitched voice- vocal cords can’t be lengthened

Question 24

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 24

Sensory info from the lower portion of the larynx
motor fibers to all the rest of the laryngeal muscles

carries pregang parasym fibers to the glands of the mucosal lining

injury- during surgery or postop edema- impinge on the nerve– difficulty breathing and/or speaking