larynx 2

Question 1

Name the intrinsic muscles of larynx

Answer 1

✓Cricothyroid*
✓Posterior cricoarytenoid*
✓Lateral cricoarytenoid
✓Transverse arytenoid
✓Oblique artenoid
✓ Thyroarytenoid*
✓ vocalis
✓Thyroepiglotticus *
✓Aryepiglotticus

• all supplied by Recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve except Cricothyroid-External branch of superior laryngeal nerve from the vagus nerve

Question 2

CricothyroidEXAM

Answer 2

O:Anterolateral aspect of arch of cricoid cartilage
I:Oblique part, straight part-inferior margin of thyroid cartilage
N:External branch of superior laryngeal nerve from the vagus nerve
A:Forward and downward rotation of the thyroid cartilage at the cricothyroid joint

Question 3

Posterior cricoarytenoid- EXAM*

Answer 3

O:Oval depression on posterior surface of lamina of cricoid cartilage
I:Posterior surface of muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
N:Recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve
A: External rotation and abduction of the arytenoid cartilage

Question 4

Lateral cricoarytenoid

Answer 4

O:Superior surface of arch of cricoid cartilage
I:Anterior surface of muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
A:Adduction and internal rotation of the arytenoid cartilage

Question 5

Transverse arytenoid

Answer 5

O:Lateral border of posterior surface of arytenoid cartilage
I:Lateral border of posterior surface of opposite arytenoid cartilage
A:Adduction of arytenoid cartilages

Question 6

Oblique arytenoid

Answer 6

O:Posterior surface of muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
I: Posterior surface of apex of adjacent arytenoid cartilage; extends into aryepiglottic fold
A:Sphincter of the laryngeal inlet

Question 7

Thyro-arytenoid

Answer 7

O:Thyroid angle and adjacent cricothyroid ligament
I:Anterolateral surface of arytenoid cartilage; some fibers continue in aryepiglottic folds to the lateral margin of the epiglottis
A:Sphincter of vestibule and of laryngeal inlet

Question 8

Vocalis

Answer 8

O:Lateral surface of vocal process of arytenoid cartilage
I: Vocal ligament and thyroid angle
A: Adjusts tension in vocal folds

Question 9

EXTRINSIC MUSCLE + action

Answer 9

ELEVATORS:
* Mylohyoid
* Thyrohyoid
* Stylohyoid
* Digastric

DEPRESSORS:
Sternothyroid
Sternohyoid
Omohyoid

PHARYNGEAL MUSCLE:
Inferior constrictor

Question 10

BLOOD SUP

Answer 10

N

Question 11

VAGUS NERVE BRACHES

Answer 11

N

Question 12

Direct laryngoscopy

Answer 12

A Flexible fibre optic endoscope equipped with light source introduced through nose and mouth to examine the larynx.

Question 13

Indirect laryngoscope:

Answer 13

visualized by using a laryngeal mirror .
The anterior part of the tongue is pulled out. Because posterior part of the tongue covers the laryngeal inlet

Question 14

visualized by using a laryngeal mirror .
The anterior part of the tongue is pulled out. Because posterior part of the tongue covers the laryngeal inlet

Answer 14

• At the anterior 1/3 and the posterior 2/3 of the vocal folds.
• Subjected to the maximum friction who use the vocal cords more.
• Forms the inflammatory nodules.

Question 15

Heimlich mannoeuvre

Answer 15

➢Foreign bodies if lodged in the larynx causes laryngeal obstruction and chocking.
➢Compression of the abdomen, which expels air from the lung upto the trachea and dis-lodges the foreign bodies.

Question 16

Laryngotomy

Answer 16

An emergency procedure done when tracheostomy fails.
The slit is made in the median cricothyroid ligament.
Advantage: Aspirated bodies can be removed through this opening.
Disadvantage: Cannot be kept as an alternative for tracheostomy for more than
48 hours as there will be subglottic stenosis.

Question 17

laryngectomy

Answer 17

the complete or partial surgical removal of the larynx.

Question 18

-near thyroid, need to be careful, injury- paralysis

Answer 18

The recurrent laryngeal nerve of both side when involved, Rima glottis is abducted and fixed in paramedian position

Question 19

epithelium

Answer 19

Larynx is lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium except Aryepiglottic, vocal fold, Part of posterior surface of epiglottis Which is lined by Stratified Squamous epithelium.