Large animal surgery Flashcards
In the Philippines, it is common practice to castrate piglets. Which of the following is not one of the main reasons why pigs are castrated?
a.To improve carcass quality
b.To improve manageability
c.To make the animals more uniform
d.To produce teaser animals
To produce teaser animals
The spermatic cord is encountered when performing genito-urinary surgeries on males. Which of the following is not found in the spermatic cord?
a. Cremaster muscle
b.Testicular artery
c. Epididymis
d.Testicular vein
Epididymis
When castrating larger pigs, you may inject a local anesthetic into the spermatic cord. This route of administration is called:
a. Intrafunicular
b.Intravenous
c. Intraspermatic
d.Intracordial
Intrafunicular
One of these statements is FALSE regarding arthrocentesis (in the horse).
a. It must be performed under strict aseptic conditions.
b.The name of the fluid collected is called synovial fluid.
c. Each joint has only one access point for injection.
d. Septic arthritis may result if the procedure is not done properly.
Each joint has only one access point for injection.
Among the following bones which are used as landmarks when performing arthrocentesis in the horse, which is the nearest to the tarsocrural joint?
a. Coffin bone (or pedal bone)
b.Tibia
c. Radius
d.Cannon bone
Tibia
Intraarticular injection can be used also for lameness examination, i.e., to diagnose the joint which is causing the signs of lameness. How many minutes after injection should you wait before jogging the animal?
a.5 minutes
b.20 minutes
c.30 minutes
d.45 minutes
20 minutes
Aside from local anesthetics, which of the following may also be injected into a joint?
a. Disinfectants
b. General anesthetics
c. Hemostatics
d. Antibiotics
Antibiotics
In a horse with lameness, when the painful forelimb touches the ground while walking, it will tend to:
a.press that forelimb more firmly to the ground.
b.raise its head.
c. lower its head.
d.walk normally as if there is no painful limb.
Raise its head
In large animals, the preferred surgical procedure to treat intractable paralysis of the penis is:
a.penile amputation.
b.penile translocation.
c. castration.
d.circumcision.
Penile amputation
If you use the skin coming from an identical twin of the recipient, the graft is called a/an:
a. isograft
b. xenograft
c. allograft
d. autograft
Isograft
When you excise the horn bud, the best surgical instrument (among the choices below) to use is the:
a.Barnes dehorner
b.Embryotomy wire
c.Dehorning saw
d.Robert’s dehorning trephine
Robert’s dehorning trephine
You diagnosed equine sarcoid, and you decided to use controlled freezing to destroy the tissues. The specific process or procedure is called:
a. cryosurgery
b.cryonecrosis
c. cryokinesis
d.cryogenics
Cryonecrosis
For the removal of chondroids and inspissated pus in the guttural pouches of the horse, the surgical technique which gives access to the dorsolateral aspect of the guttural pouch is the:
a. Viborg’s triangle approach
b.Whitehouse approach
c. Modified Whitehouse approach
d.Chabert’s approach
Chabert’s approach
When scrubbing the skin prior to surgery, defatting is attained using this:
a. H2O2
b.alcohol
c. povidone-iodine
d.triple distilled water
Alcohol
Ethyl or isopropyl
In the correction of laryngeal hemiplegia, the needle is threaded to the cricoid cartilage and the muscular process of the:
a. pharyngeal cartilage
b.hyoid cartilage
c. arytenoid cartilage
d.thyroid cartilage
Arytenoid cartilage
Trephination of the maxillary sinus is indicated:
a.repulsion of molar teeth
b.repulsion of canine teeth
c.repulsion of incisors
d.repulsion of premolar teeth
Repulsion of molar teeth
Upon examination of the perineum, you noted that the laceration involved the submucosa and muscularis of the vulva, anal sphincter, and the perineal body, but there is no damage to the rectal mucosa. This type of perineal laceration is called:
a.first-degree
b.second-degree
c. third-degree
d.fourth-degree
Second-degree
Pinch or seed grafting is indicated in one of the following conditions:
a. a large area must be covered
b.bandaging is possible
c. a very small area is affected
d.there is no graft skin available
A large area must be covered
Especially in horses and ruminants, desensitization of an area far from the site of injection is called:
a. infiltration analgesia
b.intravenous local anesthesia
c.regional analgesia
d.regional anesthesia
Regional analgesia
A surgical procedure involving entry into the gastrointestinal tract without significant contamination from this site is called:
a. clean
b. clean-contaminated
c. contaminated
d. dirty
Clean-contaminated
Resection of the sternocephalicus muscles can be used in the treatment of:
a. laryngeal hemiplegia
b.fistulous withers
c. stiff gait
d.crib-biting
Crib-biting
A surgical procedure which requires two incisions in two body cavities is:
a. scrotal herniorrhaphy
b.inguinal herniorrhaphy
c. umbilical herniorrhaphy
d.diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy
Diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy
A procedure used to relieve pain from navicular disease and fracture of navicular bone is called:
a. amputation of small metacarpal bones
b.palmar digital neurectomy
c.removal of apical sesamoid chip fracture
d.sectioning of the palmar annular ligament
Palmar digital neurectomy
The method of choice for abdominal surgery in horses is:
a. left flank laparotomy
b.right flank laparotomy
c.paramedian laparotomy
d.ventral midline laparotomy
Ventral midline laparotomy
The most common position in Caesarian section in cattle is:
a. left flank standing
b.right flank standing
c.paramedian lateral recumbency
d.ventral midline dorsal recumbency
Left flank standing
Food restriction in bovine surgery includes withholding of roughage for how many hours?
a. 12
b.24
c.36
d.48
48
Surgical widening of the vulvar cleft, which is quite common in mares, is called:
a. colpotomy
b.episiotomy
c. vestibuloplasty
d.cervicopexy
Episiotomy
The appropriate time for grafting is when the wound is:
a. in the advanced stage of first intention healing
b.in the early stage of second intention healing
c. covered with granulation tissue
d.covered with epithelial tissue
Covered with granulation tissue
This/These type/s of hernia frequently occur/s in pigs:
a.scrotal
b.diaphragmatic
c.both a and b
d.none of the above
Scrotal / Oscheocele
This surgical approach for cesarean section in the sow is difficult to perform because of problem in positioning of the animal:
a. ventral midline incision
b.vertical incision in the left paralumbar fossa and flank
region
c. vertical incision in the right paralumbar fossa and flank region
d.horizontal incision in the ventral paralumbar area
Ventral midline incision
In cervicopexy, the external os of the cervix is sutured to the:
a. iliopubic eminence
b.pelvic ligament
c. prepubic tendon
d.vaginal wall
Prepubic tendon
The aim of vestibuloplasty is to:
a. increase the vulvar cleft and raise the vestibular roof
b.increase the vulvar cleft and lower the vestibular roof
c.reduce the vulvar cleft and lower the vestibular roof
d.reduce the vulvar cleft and raise the vestibular roof
Reduce the vulvar cleft and lower the vestibular roof
A surgical approach which provides the greatest single incision exposure of the peritoneal cavity of the horse:
a. left flank approach
b.right flank approach
c. ventral midline approach
d.paramedian approach
Ventral midline approach
In tracheostomy, a tracheal window is produced by:
a.partial resection of one tracheal ring
b.partial resection of two adjacent tracheal rings
c.full resection of one tracheal ring
d.full resection of two adjacent tracheal rings
Partial resection of two adjacent tracheal rings
In ventral midline laparatomy, this structure is split so as to provide reinforcement of the peritoneum during suturing:
a. linea alba
b.round ligament
c. external oblique muscle
d.transverse muscle
Round ligament
Treatment of postanesthetic myopathy/myositis (PAM) includes the following except:
a. steroids
b.analgesic
c.fluid therapy
d.slinging
Steroids
Typhlectomy is a surgical procedure for removal of a portion of the:
a. jejunum
b.tonsil
c. cecum
d.liver
Cecum
A technique of castration involving crushing and ligation of the spermatic cord enclosed in the vaginal tunic, with the testicle itself lying outside the opened vaginal tunic is called:.
a.half-closed technique
b.closed technique
c.open technique
d.none of the above
Half-closed technique
A procedure used for the treatment of stringhalt in horses is called:
a. cunean tenectomy
b.lateral digital extensor tenotomy
c. medial patellar desmotomy
d.superficial digital flexor tenotomy
Lateral digital extensor tenotomy
Vasectomy in male ruminants is performed to:
a.treat urolithiasis
b.detect heat
c.both a and b
d.none of the above
Detect heat
In dystocia, the calf may damage this/these nerve/s on its way through the birth canal, resulting in calving paralysis:
a.Obturator nerve
b.Ischiatic nerve
c.Both a and b
d.None of the above
Obturator nerve & Ischiatic nerve
The most important vessel to ligate in the amputation of mammary gland of cows is:
a. ventral perineal artery
b.subcutaneous abdominal vein (milk vein)
c. external pudendal artery
d.femoral artery
External pudendal artery
In retention suturing of the vulva, the buried purse-string suture simulates the action of the:
a. cervical muscles
b.constrictor vestibulae muscle
c. constrictor ani muscle
d.myometrium
Constrictor vestibulae muscle
The repair of traumatic teat fistula:
a. involves the use of vertical mattress suture pattern
b.is preferably done after drying off.
c.both a and b
d.none of the above
Both
In preputial amputation in the bull, the incision (excision) line should be:
a. perfectly transverse
b.longitudinal
c. oblique
d.None of the above
Oblique
Aside from tibial neurectomy, an alternative surgical technique for spastic paresis is:
a. arthrotomy.
b.myotomy.
c. amputation.
d.tenotomy.
Tenotomy
In the amputation of the digit of cattle, the recommended anesthetic regimen is:
a.general anesthesia
b.ring block
c. cranial epidural
d.local IV block
Local IV block
Castration of goats using this instrument is discouraged because of animal welfare issues:
a. Burdizzo
b.Elastrator
c. Emasculator
d.All of the above
Elastrator
In using the Burdizzo in calves, you clamp each spermatic cord how many times?
a. 1
b.2
c.3
d.4
2
An embryotomy wire is used in:
a.fetotomy
b.amputation of digit
c. both a and b
d.none of the above
Both
