Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

english language > lapdoggs > Flashcards

lapdoggs Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

prepositions

A

position words (under, over, through, on, top, bottom)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

modal verbs

A

show possibility, intent, ability or necessity (should, could, would)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

conjunctive adverbs

A

connects a sentence with one immediately before (therefore and instead)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

adverbs of degree

A

intensity- often used with adverbs and adj. (much and really)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

adverbs of frequency

A

how often something happens e.g constantly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

adverbs of place

A

where something happens e.g anywhere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

adverbs of manner

A

how something happens e.g bravely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

adverbs of time

A

when something happens e.g yesterday

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

rule 1

A

“if it ends in y, change it to an I”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

attributive position of adjective

A

placed before the noun “the purple pen”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

predicate position

A

placed after a linking verb “the pen is purple”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

superlative form of adjective

A

the most of an adjective (when you add an -est, in most cases) (happiest, bravest, best)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

comparative form of adjective

A

when you add an -er (in most cases) (happier, braver, better)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

base form of an adjective

A

basic form of an adjective (happy, brave, good)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

intransitive form of verb

A

doesn’t have an object (to sleep)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

transitive form of verb

A

has an object (to eat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

infinitive form of verb

A

base form of verb “to____” that’s it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

imperative form

A

a command or direction (go! help!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

plural noun (irregular)

A

more than one person, place or thing, but written differently (sheep, people, mice)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

plural noun (regular)

A

more than one person, place or thing (houses, cats, girls)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

singular noun

A

refers to one person, place or thing (house, cat, girl)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

uncountable noun

A

nouns that you can’t count (milk, salt, seafood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

countable noun

A

nouns that you can count (table, rabbit, ear)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

possessive noun

A

something that is in possession of something else (Ben’s, cat’s, Aliyah’s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

abstract noun

A

a noun that can’t be perceived through senses (love, creativity, democracy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

concrete noun (proper and common)

A

refers to something that can be perceived (table, rabbit, ear)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

bound morphemes

A

they can’t stand alone as words, made up of prefixes (before) and suffixes (after)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

free morphemes

A

words by themselves (cat, girl, cat, swim, gentle, sky). they can stand alone as words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

passive voice

A

what is to done someone or something. the subject is being acted upon. the house was painted by anna. object + action + subject

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

active voice

A

what a person or thing does, the subject performs the action on the object. annapainted the house.subject + action + object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

lexical words

A

words that convey conceptual meaning (nouns, verbs, adjectives etc). open class

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

function words

A

words that convey grammatical meaning (determiners, prepositions, conjunctions etc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

modal force

A

the intensity of the modal verb, e.g will has more force than must.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

modal auxiliary verb

A

should
might
must
will
could

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

primary auxiliary verb

A

be: continuous
have: perfect
do: questions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

auxiliary verbs

A

verb phrases are created using auxiliary verbs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

conditional clauses

A

provide a condition. if you give me a chocolate bar, i’ll take out the rubbish.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

FANBOYS

A

coordinating conjunctions
For
And
Nor
But
Or
Yet
So

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

complex sentence

A

when an independent and dependant clause joins together to form one sentence. leeds is a multicultural city, which is situated in central england.the dependant clause is a subordinating conjunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

dependant clause

A

a clause that cannot fit by itself, and needs an independent clause to make sense. leeds is a multicultural city, and it is an important cultural hub in england.

41
Q

independent clause

A

a complete thought, a sentence that can work well by itself. leeds is a multicultural city

42
Q

prepositional phrase

A

modifies a verb or a noun, head word: preposition. e.g, there is a vicar under the car

43
Q

adverb phrase

A

a group of words that work together as an adverb in a sentence. head word: adverb

44
Q

verb phrase

A

a group of words that together act as a verb. head word: verb

45
Q

adjective phrases

A

a group of words that together act as an adjective. head word: adjective

46
Q

noun phrases

A

a group of words that collectively work as a noun, head word: noun

47
Q

collocation

A

a natural combination of words that are closely affiliated with each other

48
Q

dysphemisms

A

harsher, more blunt (inc. taboo) words

49
Q

euphemisms

A

more socially accepted word or phrase

50
Q

metaphors

A

a structure that presents one thing in terms of another

51
Q

hyponym

A

a word that works as the name of something in that category

52
Q

hypernym

A

a word that works as the name of a category

53
Q

antonym

A

a word with the opposite meaning of another

54
Q

synonym

A

a word with the same/similar meaning of another

55
Q

semantic fields

A

a pattern of words with similar meaning

56
Q

connotation

A

the implicit meaning of a word

57
Q

denotation

A

the explicit meaning of a word

58
Q

negative politeness(face theory politeness strategy)

A

addressing negative face needs

59
Q

positive politeness (face theory politeness strategy)

A

addressing positive face needs

60
Q

direct request (face theory)

A

addressing the problem without worrying about the reaction e.g “hand it in”

61
Q

indirect request (face theory)

A

avoiding being explicit to minimise threat to face

62
Q

negative face needs

A

the universal human need to feel independent and not be imposed upon

63
Q

positive face needs

A

the universal human need to be valued and appreciated

64
Q

face theory

A

the theory that an individual has both positive and negative face needs

65
Q

the maxim of manner

A

be clear and avoid ambiguity

66
Q

the maxim of relevance

A

keep what is being discussed relevant to the topic at hand

67
Q

the maxim of quality

A

speak the truth

68
Q

glottal stop

A

using the glottis (butter without the t)

69
Q

diphthongs

A

combination of 2 vowel sounds

70
Q

onomatopoeia

A

sounds associated with what is named

71
Q

sibilance

A

recurrence of the same vowel sounds

72
Q

assonance

A

resemblance of sounds between words

73
Q

alliteration

A

recurrence of the same sound at the start of words

74
Q

metre

A

the rhythm of a text

75
Q

rhyme

A

correspondence of sound between words

76
Q

sound iconicity

A

the idea that there is an altruistic (non-abitruary) link between sound and representation

77
Q

syllable

A

a circuit of sound that includes a vowel and surrounding consonants

78
Q

vowels

A

vowels have no restriction and can be
-monophthongs (same vowel sound)
- diphthongs (a combination of two sounds)

79
Q

consonants

A

all consonant sounds involve the restriction of airflow by the articulates

80
Q

IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet)

A

originally developed in 1886 to help people learn foreign languages. sound and spelling do not correspond

81
Q

prosody

A

study of how speakers shape meaning in speech

82
Q

phonetics

A

study of how sounds are produced

83
Q

speaker support

A

words or phrases (both verbal and non-verbal) that indicate agreement, and encourage a speaker to carry on talking

84
Q

ellipses

A

the omission of words for economical reasons and/or because the context means that the person listening understands the shortened utterance

85
Q

skip-connector

A

a word or phrase that returns the conversation to the previous topic e.g. anyway, as we were saying

86
Q

turn-taking

A

i.e adjacency pairs where each speaker responds to one another at separate times

87
Q

repair

A

an alteration that is suggested by the speaker e.g i want to… i mean i’d really like to

88
Q

small talk

A

friendly initial conversation that may not be linked to the main topic

89
Q

slang

A

colloquial words- can be swear words often associated with a particular group of people.

90
Q

pause

A

short breaks in the flow of what is being said

91
Q

overlapping

A

when a speaker talks over another and they speak at the same time

92
Q

jargon

A

technical vocabulary- or vocabulary associated with a particular field or area

93
Q

interruption

A

this occurs when one speaker jumps in and seizes the topic. often by someone in authority or important in the group.

94
Q

filler

A

a non-verbal sound that acts like a pause- either to signal uncertainty or signal as a breathing space for the speaker (uh, um)

95
Q

false start

A

when a speaker begins to speak, stops and then starts again

96
Q

contraction

A

a shortened form, often marked by an apostrophe in writing e.g. can’t=cannot

97
Q

inflectional morphology

A

morphemes used to create different verb forms

98
Q

derivational morphology

A

morphemes used to create new words or change word classes

english language (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions