Language Under The Microscope (P1 Q1A) (20)

Question 1

Modes

Answer 1

spoken: spontaneous/non-fluency (does not have to be transcripts)
visual: images/pictures/drawings etc
written: scripted/ had been thought out/planned (eg a transcript on a broadcasted show)

mixed mode: 2 of the above
multi-modal: 3+ of the above

Question 2

CMC

Answer 2

Commuter Mediated Communication = is electronic communication

Question 3

Language Levels (aka methods/frameworks)

Answer 3

• lexis and semantics
• grammar
  -discourse: organisation of whole texts
  -pragmatics: meanings in a context
  -phonology : sounds (ghoti = fish)

Question 4

polysemic

Answer 4

Capable of having more than one meaning
(e.g ‘set’ can refer to a ‘set of cutlery’, a ‘tennis set’, or what happens to jelly and so on)

Question 5

semantic field

Answer 5

words with similar or linked meanings/connotations

Question 6

Abstract noun vs concrete noun vs proper noun

Answer 6

Proper = capitalised (e.g Swindon, Lily, London)
Concrete = physically able to experience them (e.g cow, mug, brush)
Abstract = in your head/cannot physically experience (e.g idea, infinity, time)

Question 7

irregular verbs vs regular verbs

Answer 7

i-> old english verbs, change their form in past tense (swim -> swam)

r->take the usual -ed past tense ending + take the s suffix in third person singular

Question 8

dynamic verb vs stative verb

Answer 8

d-> actions (shot, ran)
s-> states an idea (seems, know, feel, believe)

Question 9

pronouns

Answer 9

stand in place of a noun
she/he/they/Ella

Question 10

adverbs

Answer 10

modify (describe) a verb

Question 11

prepositions

Answer 11

Words that link a noun or pronoun with other words

Ie under, on, after, until,

Question 12

conjunctions

Answer 12

join sentences/clauses together
= and , because, so

Question 13

adjectives

Answer 13

modify (describe) nouns

Question 14

nouns

Answer 14

person , place or thing

Question 15

1st person
2nd person
3rd person

Answer 15

1st -> I, me , we
2nd -> you
3rd -> he/she/it/they

Question 16

high frequency vs low frequency lexis

Answer 16

high = words that often appear in everyday speech
low = words that appear more rarely, such as specialist terms from a field of medicine

Question 17

pragmatics

Answer 17

what we really mean by what we say or write in a given text (hi, how are you?)

Question 18

phonology

Answer 18

the study of the sound system in language and the effects of its particular features ( e.g looking at pace, rhythms, stresses)

Question 19

etymology

Answer 19

the history behind the lexis

Question 20

french/latinate lexis

Answer 20

words derived from French or Latin = low frequency, more specialist, high status
- opposite of Old Engish

Question 21

collocation

Answer 21

two or more words that are often found together (e.g ‘over the top’, ‘fish and chips)

Question 22

compound

Answer 22

a word formed by two other words (dustbin, greenhouse)

Question 23

denotation vs connotation

Answer 23

deno -> the literal dictionary definition of a word
con -> the associated meanings we have with certain words/ subjective meaning (e.g red is associated with love, death etc)

Question 24

superlative adjectives

Answer 24

express the highest level of quality (biggest, finest, smallest)

Question 25

anthropomorphism

Answer 25

giving something humanistic features/characteristics

‘Fantastic Mr Fox’
The lions from Lion king -> they talk -> thats human

Question 26

loanwords

Answer 26

words we have got from other countries

Question 27

deontic vs epistemic modal auxiliary verbs

Answer 27

d-> duty, sense of obligation
“You must”, “I will” “You should”

e-> possibility, sense of uncertainty
“You can” , “I might”

Question 28

transitive vs intransitive verb

Answer 28

trans-> required an object (david pushed the chair)
In -> require no object (I was sleeping)
= uses an adverbial rather than an object

Question 29

phrasal verb

Answer 29

a verb that has more than one bit to it
- e.g dragged up, taken down, knock down

Question 30

Pronoun vs determiner

Answer 30

pronoun: stands in place of a noun (that’s ‘yours’)

determiner: infront of a noun (that is ‘your’ pen)

Question 31

Figurative language

Answer 31

Personification
Simile
Metaphor

Question 32

Modification

Answer 32

Post and pre modification

Question 33

Copular vs auxiliary verb

Answer 33

copular -> She is mad (SVC)
aux -> She is running (SVV)