Language planning and policy Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the ‘three pillars’ of LRs

A
  1. negative rights = the freedom from discrimination
  2. positive rights = principle of substantive equality
  3. policy and planning = must be effective
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2
Q

Positive vs Negative rights

A

Classic HR rights/freedoms are often ‘negative’. Non-discrimination often insufficient to provide equality

Positive rights require interaction and maintenance

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3
Q

Define Hemegony

A

the acceptance of ideologies even if they negatively affect the individual

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4
Q

LHR rhetoric

A

Christina Bratt Paulston: language rights are considered a causal variable

some disagree

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5
Q

Define linguicism

A

parallel to racism

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6
Q

What is a Policy?

A

systematic process

created by individuals on the basis of research

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7
Q

What is language policy?

A

• Planned interventions pronounced and implemented by states, supported/enforced by law

reflect power relations

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8
Q

Language Policy /or Planning?

A

“a great deal of language policy-making… [is] haphazard or uncoordinated… far removed from the language planning ideal” (Fettes 1997: 14)

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9
Q

Contrast types of LPP

A

Status: allocating functions w/in a speech community

Acquisition: focus on users, language learning/teaching

Corpus: changes for or structure of language (e.g. orthography in Serbia)

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10
Q

What are the 2 approaches to LPP?

A

o Policy: macro focus on nation/society, Standard Lgs

Cultivation: micro focus on literacy, ways of speaking

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11
Q

Example: Council of Europe (2001)

A

urged govt. of Macedonia to allow use of Albanian in schools, courts & administration

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12
Q

Example of non-offical LPP

A

o Kansas City school suspends child for using Spanish in class– no policy?– school board rescind suspension (2005)

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13
Q

explain language practises

A

patterns of selection from linguistic resources /repertoire, for particular domains

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14
Q

Spolsky definition of language policy:

A

comprised of all three components (practices + ideology + planning)

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15
Q

Shohamy definition of language policy:

A

falls between ideology and practice

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16
Q

Overt VS covert policy

A

Overt: school language policy, citizenship or voting test
Covert: street sign, school language test, monolingual health info