Language of Anatomy Flashcards
can be visualized with the unaided eye
Gross Anatomy
Requires a Microscope
Microscopic Anatomy
anatomical landmarks→ palpate structures (bones—bone markings—muscles—ligaments—tendons
Surface Anatomy
Study of Tissue (epithelial—connective—muscle—nervous)
Histology
Study of Cells
Cytology
Study of Disease
Pathological Anatomy
What is Anatomical position?
A universally accepted standard position
refers to the head, neck, and trunk the axis of the body
Axial
relates to the limbs and their attachments to the axis
Appendicular
splits body into right and left
Sagittal
splits the body into anterior and posterior
frontal/Coronal
Superior-Inferior (cranial/cephalic-caudal) Head tail…
Anterior-Posterior (dorsal-ventral)
Superficial-Deep (external-internal)
Medial-Lateral
Proximal-Distal
Supine-Prone
Visceral-Parietal
Ipsilateral-Contralateral
Body Orientation and Directions
What are the Dorsal Body cavities?
Cranial
Spinal (vertebral)
What are the Anterior Body cavities?
Thoracic (pleural & cardiac)
Abdomen (peritoneum)
Pelvic
Names of Membranes
Pleura, Pericardium, Peritoneum, Visceral layer , Parietal layer
Pleura refers to the
Lungs
Pericardium refers to the
Heart
Peritoneum refers to the
the abdominal cavity and organs
The visceral layer of a covering refers
the most external layer surrounding an organ
The parietal layer of a covering refers to
the layer that lines the cavity
How many quadrants does the abdominopevic have?
4:
Right Upper
Right Lower
Left Upper
Left Lower
Organ systems
integumentary Nervous Cardiovascular Respiratory Urinary
Endocrine Skeletal Muscular Reproductive
Digestive Lymph/Immune
Cranial
skull
facial
face
frontal
forehead
orbital
eye
nasal
nose
buccal
cheek
oral
mouth
mental
chin
occipital
back of head
cervical
neck
nuchal
back of neck
Trunk
…
thoracic or Pectoral
chest
Mammary
breast region
sternal
breastbone
axillary
armpit
abdominal
belly
umbilical
belly button
pelvic
pelvis
inguinal
groin
pubic
genital
Dorsum of Trunk
Scapular
shoulder blade
Vertebrae
spine
Lumbar
low back
sacral
region between the hips
Gluteal
buttock
perineal
Between the anus and genitals (the taint)
Upper extremities
Achromial
shoulder
Brachial
arm
cubital
elbow (anterior)
olecranon
elbow (posterior)
antebrachial
forearm
carpal
wrist
manus
hand
palmar
palm
pollex
thumb
digital
finger
coxal
hip
femoral
thigh
patellar
knee anterior
popliteal
back of knee
cural
leg anterior
sural
leg posterior
fibular
peroneal
pedal
foot
tarsal
ankle
calcaneal
heal
digital
toe
plantar
sole
Combining Forms-Word Roots-Prefixes and Suffixes
Ab- away from
Acr- extremity
Aden- gland
Alg-, Algia- pain
Angi- vessel
Anthr- joint
Bio- life, living
Blast- germ, bud
Cardio, Cardia, Cardi- heart
Chondr- cartilage
Dent- tooth, toothlike
Ecto- outside
Gastro- stomach
Hepat- liver
Heter- other, different
Homeo- same, unchanging
Kines- movement
Labi- lip
My-, Myo- muscle
Neur- nerve
Oste- bone
Ortho-straight, normal
Patho- disease
Phag- to eat
Rhin- nose
Scler- hard
Soma- body
Thromb- clot
Vas- vessel
Zyg- joined
-algia, pain
-asis, condition or state of
-emia, condition of the blood
-gen, agent that produces
-gram, record
-it is, inflammation
-logy, study of
-lysis, dissolution, loosening
-oma, tumor
-pathy, disease
-penia, deficiency
-philic, to like, have an affinity for
-phobe, fear of, adverse to
-poiesis, making
-tomy, cutting into, incision
-uria, urine
anatomy
The study of the structure and organization of the body, including its organs, tissues, and cells
Physiology
The study of how the body’s structures function and work together to maintain homeostasis and perform various processes
