Language (Human Neuro) Flashcards
In terms of categorization, what are the roles of the ventral and dorsal visual stream?
Ventral – involved in object categorization
Dorsal – involved in object differentiation
What areas are associated with language?
Broca’s area, wernicke’s area, ventral premotor 6, dorsal premotor 6, areas of middle temporal gyrus, interior parietal and angular gyrus in parietal lobe
What connects temporal and frontal cortices together?
Dorsal and ventral language pathways
In terms of language, what is the parietal cortex involved in?
Non-verbal language (braille, e.g.)
Aphasia
Impacts ability to speak, write, read and understand language
Fluent aphasia
Able to speak fluently but has a hard time with mimicking others and with verbal comprehension. So, what they say might not make sense.
Non-fluent aphasia
Unable to speak fluently but has good verbal comprehension
Which lobes are associated with language?
Parietal lobe, temporal lobe and frontal lobe are part of this network associated with language.
What are the 5 modules of the core language network?
Hearing, converting sound to meaning, articulating language, word recognition, and cognitive control.
What does the core language network show?
Shows the distribution of language across the left hemisphere
What is fluent aphasia?
Able to speak fluently but they have a hard time with verbal comprehension. So what they say might not make sense
What is non-fluent aphasia?
Have good auditory verbal comprehension, but are unable to speak fluently
Pure apashia
impairments in reading, writing or recognizing words when they do not have another language disorder
What is aphasia?
impacts ability to read, write and understand language
Types of fluent aphasia
Wernicke’s aphasia, transcortical aphasia and conduction
Wernicke’s aphasia
Unable to understand words or arrange sounds in a way that makes sense. So, they may have a speech deficit or difficulty with writing
Transcortical aphasia
Cannot speak spontaneously, but they can repeat and understand words
Conduction aphasia
Unable to repeat words, but can speak easily, name other things, and understand speech
Amnesic aphasia
Able to understand, produce, repeat speech, but has a difficulty naming objects.
Broca’s aphasia (non-fluent)
Able to understand language, but has a hard time producing it. Only key words needed for communication are needed and has a hard time switching from sound to sound.
Types of pure aphasia
Alexia, agraphia, and word deafness
Alexia (known as word blindness)
Inability to read
Agraphia
Inability to write
Word deafness
Inability to repeat or hear words
Apraxia
Unable to perform tasks or movements when asked
Apraxia (inability to perform tasks or movements when asked) points to…..
damage to the insula
Trouble with understanding sentences points to….
superior and middle temporal gyrus
Repeating language over and over again points to….
damage to arcuate fasciculus
Inability to make sound and use working memory to make sentences points to….
damage to ventral pre-frontal cortex
The right hemisphere is responsible for…..
language comprehension, emotional processing, visuospatial processing
The left hemisphere is responsible for….
language production, timing and coordinating movements involved in speaking
