language/communication

Question 1

what’s the smallest unit of meaning in language

Answer 1

morpheme

Question 2

Pragmatics:

Answer 2

the rules for how
language is used

Question 3

much of ____ competence is underway by childhood, but there is still lots of development to be done within ___ competence

Answer 3

linguistic, communicative

Question 4

the “content” of language is ___ whereas the “use” of language is ___

Answer 4

semantics, pragmatics

Question 5

what part of language acquisition is the. hardest to obtain?

Answer 5

syntax

Question 6

at what age is the cutoff for the “criitcal period”

Answer 6

age 7

Question 7

kids learn about __ new words per day, and by age __ they’re able to combine words together

Answer 7

3, 3

Question 8

piaget beleived kids have ___ speech

Answer 8

egocentric

Question 9

what did piaget mean by children having collective monologues

Answer 9

when two+ individuals are speaking
together, but not for the
purpose of each other

Question 10

piaget believed kids shifted their speech from ___ speech to ___ speech

Answer 10

egocentric, social

Question 11

vygotsky thought kids used ___ speech. what is this?

Answer 11

private, speaking aloud to digest what they heard adults are saying, or to work through difficult tasks

Question 12

private speech drives ___

Answer 12

thinking

Question 13

vygotsky beleives children shift from taking speech from others, to using private speech, to using ____ speech

Answer 13

inner

Question 14

research currently aligns with piaget/vygotsky ‘s theory of language in kids

Answer 14

vygotsky

Question 15

young infants understand turn taking in conversation but do not understand. the concept of taking ___ turns

Answer 15

related

Question 16

at age 7 only ___ of the turns taken in conversation are related

Answer 16

60%

Question 17

young children (1-3y) often ____ failed communication, and older children (3-5y) are able to ____ the communication

Answer 17

repeat, repair

Question 18

within language adaptation, “registers” refers to

Answer 18

diff styles of language associated with particular
settings/roles

Question 19

t/f all dialects are equally good, and “accurate” forms of
language!

Answer 19

true

Question 20

when looking at African American English (AAE)/Black
English, __ ___ is actually what is related to their academic success

Answer 20

code switching

Question 21

bilingualism includes >__% of the population and ~__% of Canadians

Answer 21

50, 20

Question 22

“Simultaneous”/”Crib”
Bilinguals:

Answer 22

learning 2
languages from birth

Question 23

“Sequential” Bilinguals:

Answer 23

: learn 1 language first, then a 2nd

Question 24

t/f bilingual children are better able to detect conversational violations

Answer 24

true

Question 25

t/f bilingualism is associated with a higher IQ

Answer 25

false

Question 26

of gestures children know correlate to growth in ____

Answer 26

vocab (nouns)

Question 27

do children who produce gesture/speech mismatches benefit from instruction on the task

Answer 27

yes

Question 28

what was the basis of the Novack study. findings? how was it run?

Answer 28

Generally wanted to see if gesturing promotes learning. taught 3rd grade children to solve math problems using one of 3 techniques. (physical movement of objects, concrete gesturing, abstract gesturing). all 3 techniques helped, gesture helped most with learning the generalized concepts of the knowledge.

Question 29

the becker briant study suggest children must learn culturally significant ___ and polite terms such as "trick or treat"

Answer 29

routines

Question 30

a child describing a specific book he wants his mother to pick out on a book shelf is an example of ____ communication

Answer 30

referential

Question 31

preschoolers are shown to respond to many ___ requests as requests for action. give an example

Answer 31

indirect "is your daddy home?" most likely would respond with going to get their dad