Language and the brain Flashcards
Neurolinguistics
The study of the relationship between language and the brain.
The brain has two basic parts.
The left hemisphere, and
the right hemisphere.
(the anterior speech cortex): It deals with producing speech.
Broca’s Area
(the posterior speech cortex): It deals with comprehension.
Wernicke’s Area
It controls movement of muscles, when speaking face, jaw, tongue, and larynx.
The Motor Cortex
It forms a crucial connection between Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area.
The Arcuate Fasciculus
You feel that some word is just eluding you, that you know the word.
The Tip of the Tongue
Tangled expressions. e.g. long shorty stort (long story short) or word reversals: (spoonerism) e.g. use the door to open the key.
Slip of the tongue
A type of misunderstanding. e.g. Have you seen the great ape? But the speaker said “grey tape “
Slip of the ear
is defined as impairment of language function due to localized cerebral damage which leads to difficulty in understanding and/or producing linguistic forms.
Aphasia
It is a serious language disorder characterized by a substantially reduced amount of speech, distorted articulation and slow often effortful speech. They generally use lexical morphemes but not functional morphemes.
Broca’s Aphasia (Motor Aphasia)
The type of language disorder which results in difficulties in auditory comprehension.
Wernick’s Aphasia (Sensory Aphasia)
It is identified with damage to the arcuate fasciculus. This time people do not have articulation problems but may have disrupted rhythm because of pauses and hesitations. Comprehension of spoken words is normally good. But repeating a word or phrase (spoken by someone else) will create major difficulties. What is heard and understood cannot be transferred to the speech production area.
Conduction Aphasia
