Language and Social Groups

Question 1

Labov’s Structure of Oral Narrative

Answer 1

• orientation (introduction)
• coda (end of the narrative)

Narratives of personal experience were found to reduce the effects of observation to a minimum.

Question 2

What’s the CAT theory?

Answer 2

Giles’ Communication Accomodation Theory

• convergence
• divergence

Question 3

Restricted and Elaborated Code

Answer 3

Bernstein

Question 4

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Answer 4

• linguistic determinism
• linguistic relativism
  political correctness

Question 5

Grice’s maxims:

Answer 5

• quantity
• quality
• relevance
• manner

Question 6

Leech’s maxims (6)

Answer 6

• agreement
• approbation
• generosity
• modesty
• sympathy
• tact

Question 7

What is a discourse community?

Answer 7

a group of people with something in common so are likely to have similar idiolects (eg, football fans will have shared lexicon)

Question 8

Who developed the “preferred response vs dispreferred response” and give some examples.

Answer 8

Levinson

request

preferred = acceptance 
dispreferred = refusal

Question 9

What is an archetype opening or closing?

Answer 9

one with clear conventions eg, “how are you?”

Question 10

What is a cool thing to mention when analysing a transcript?

Answer 10

observers paradox

Question 11

Chesire

Answer 11

boys use non-standard grammar eg, “ain’t” for coverty prestige
girls use standard grammar