Language and Gender Flashcards
1
Q
Who studied mixed sex conversation and observed that men interrupt more than women, hypothesising that males wish to exert dominance?
A
Zimmerman and West
2
Q
Who disagrees with the idea that interruptions present a desire to exert dominance?
A
Beattie
He said that they can reflect interest and involvement
3
Q
What are Tannen’s 6 differences?
A
Status vs Support Independence vs Intimacy Advice vs Understanding Information vs Feelings Orders vs Proposals Conflict vs Compromise
4
Q
Robin Lakoff’s assumptions(17):
A
- hedge
- use hyperpolite forms
- tag questions
- use empty adjectives
- hypercorrect grammar and punctuation
- use direct quotation
- special lexicons
- question intonation in declarative statements
- use “wh” imperatives
- speak less frequently
- overuse qualifiers
- apologise more
- use modal constructions
- avoid coarse language
- indirect commands and requests
- use more intensifiers
- lack a sense of humour
5
Q
Who developed the idea of “powerless language”?
A
O’Barr and Atkins
6
Q
Who said women use “rapport talk” and men use “report talk”?
A
Tannen
7
Q
What are Tannen’s two types of overlap?
A
- cooperative
- competitive
8
Q
What are Tannen’s two types of speakers?
A
- high involvement
- high considerateness
9
Q
Who though that the use of tag questions are an attempt to create a cooperative conversation (thus disagreeing with Lakoff)?
A
Coates
