Language and Occupation Flashcards
What is an asymmetrical relationship?
Unequal power balance between two people.
What is Convergence?
Move language styles and patterns to more closely match those of other speakers.
What is Divergence?
Move language styles and patterns to be increasingly different from those of other speakers.
What is a Discourse Community?
A group of people with shared interests and belief systems who are likely to use language in similar ways.
What is an Illocutionary Speech Act?
The implied meaning that a text producer wants you to understand.
What is Influential Power?
A type of power that is persuasive rather than imposing.
What is Instrumental Power?
A type of power that is explicit and often imposed by a higher authority.
What is Jargon?
The vocabulary and manner of speech that define and reflect a particular profession which may be difficult for others to understand.
What is Legalese?
Legal register associated with the domain of law.
What is a Lexicon?
The words used in a language or the words used in a language by a person or group of people.
What is a Locutionary Speech Act?
The literal meaning of something.
What is a Perlocutionary Speech Act?
The perceived meaning that the text receiver understands.
What is Phatic Talk?
Socially orientated talk
What is Power Asymmetry?
A power imbalance between speakers shown by the unequal way they address each other.
What is the Plain English Campagin?
A campaign established to ensure that documents produced by companies are clear and understandable.
What did Drew and Heritage study about workplace discourse?
Identified the key difference between everyday conversation and workplace talk e.g. goal orientated speech and turn taking rules and restrictions.
What did Drew and Heritage discuss about inferential frameworks?
Inferential frameworks: members of a discourse community share implicit ways of thinking, behaving and communicating. Constraints on language use are dictated by workplace hierarchies.
What did Herbert and Straight state about compliments in the workplace?
In the workplace compliments flow downwards, from higher status to lower status workers.
What did Holmes and Marra discover about gender in the workplace?
Women use just as much humour as men in the workplace; citing the same reasons for their humour. Women are more likely however, to encourage supportive and collaborative humour.
What did Hornyak discuss about work talk to personal talk?
The shift from work talk to personal talk is initiated by the highest ranking person in the room.
What is Howard Giles’ Accommodation Theory?
Accommodation theory: The idea that people have different levels of formality of language at their disposal, and will converge or diverge their language depending on their situation.
What did Janet Holmes state about women managers?
Women managers are more likely to negotiate consensus of an idea of plan, compared to men who will press through their agenda.
What did John Swales discuss about discourse communities?
Professional discourse communities occur due to the professional lexis used to maximise efficiency in the workplace.
What did Koester state about Phatic Talk?
Phatic talk is important for increasing productivity in the work place, by establishing positive interpersonal relationships and building solidarity between workers.
What did Porter discuss about discourse communities?
Workplaces or professions with increasingly complex bureaucratic or technical procedures are more likely to develop stronger and more restricted discourse communities.
