Language

Question 1

Language

Answer 1

The meaningful arrangement of sounds.

Question 2

Psycholinguistics

Answer 2

the study of the psychology of language.

Question 3

Phonemes

Answer 3

Discrete sounds that make up words but carry no meaning. ex. ee, p, sh

Question 4

Morphemes

Answer 4

made up of phonemes; the smallest units of meaning in language. Words or parts of words that have meaning are morphemes. ex, boy, ing.

Question 5

Phrase

Answer 5

A phrase is a group of words that when put together function as a single syntactic part of a sentence. ex. “walking the dog.”

Question 6

Syntax

Answer 6

The arrangement of words into sentences as prescribed by a particular language.

Question 7

Grammar

Answer 7

The overall rules of the interrelationship between morphemes and syntax that make up language.

Question 8

Morphology or morphological rules

Answer 8

Grammar rules/ how to group morphemes.

Question 9

Prosody

Answer 9

Tone inflections, accents, and other aspects of pronunciation that carry meaning.

Question 10

Transformational Grammar

Answer 10

Noam Chomsky

Differentiates between surface structure and deep structure of in language.

Question 11

Surface Structure

Answer 11

the way that words are organized.

Question 12

Deep Structure

Answer 12

the underlying meaning of a sentence. Sentences can have different surface structure and the same deep structure.

Question 13

Language Acquisition Device (LAD)

Answer 13

innate inborn ability to adopt generative grammar rules of the language that they hear.

Question 14

Overregularization

Answer 14

The overapplication of grammar rules.

ex. “I founded the toy.”

Question 15

Telegraphic Speech

Answer 15

Refers to speech without the articles or extras, similar to how it would appear in a telegram. “me go”

Question 16

Holophrastic speech

Answer 16

when a child uses one word (holophrases) to convey a whole sentence.

Question 17

Alexia

Answer 17

inability to read

Question 18

Agraphia

Answer 18

inability to write

Question 19

Language Acquisition Milestones

Answer 19

1 year- Speaks first word
2 years- > 50 spoken words, usually in two (and then three) word phrases.
3 years- 1,000-word vocabulary, but use has many grammatical errors.
4 years- grammar problems are random exceptions.

Question 20

Whorfian Hypothesis

Answer 20

idea that language or how a culture says things, influences that cultures perspective.

Question 21

semantic differential charts

Answer 21

allowed research to plot meanings of words on graphs. Results were that people with similar backgrounds and interests plotted word similarly. Indicated words have similar connotations for cultures and subcultures.