Language

Question 1

What is Propp’s theory?

Answer 1

Every narrative has eight characters.

Question 2

What are the eight character types in Propp’s theory?

Answer 2

Hero
Princess
Villain
Helper
Donor 
False hero
Dispatcher

Question 3

What is Todorov’s narrative theory?

Answer 3

That every narrative follows a five part structure.

Question 4

List the five part structures of Todorov’s theory of narrative structure.

Answer 4

Equilibrium
Disruption of equilibrium
Recognition
Climax (event that resolves disruption)
(New) Equilibrium

Question 5

What is an enigma code?

Answer 5

An element of the narrative that is not fully explained - becomes a puzzle/mystery to audience.

Question 6

What camera shots are there?

Answer 6

Aerial Shot
Close-Up (CU)
Medium Shot (MS)
Over-The-Shoulder-Shot
High Angle Shot
Long Shot
Establishing Shot
Extreme Close-Up (XCU)
Dolly Zoom
Low Angle Shot
Two-Shot
Extreme Long Shot (XLS)

Question 7

Define aerial shot

Answer 7

Filmed from air - establish a location.

Question 8

Define CU

Answer 8

Framed above shoulders, has character’s full face in frame.

Question 9

Define MS

Answer 9

Shoots from the character’s waist up.

Question 10

Define Over-The-Shoulder-Shot

Answer 10

Camera positioned behind character’s shoulders - show conversation.

Question 11

Define High Angle Shot

Answer 11

Shot from higher point - looks down on character.

Question 12

Define Long Shot

Answer 12

Frames the character from the top of their head to their feet whilst capturing their environment.

Question 13

Define Establishing shot

Answer 13

At the head of the scene - establishes location the action is set on whilst also setting the tone of the scene to come.

Question 14

Define XCU

Answer 14

Frame is focused on small part of character’s face.

Question 15

Define Dolly Zoom

Answer 15

Camera tracks forwards whilst simultaneously zooming out or vice versa.

Question 16

Define Low Angle Shot

Answer 16

Shot from lower point and shoots up at character.

Question 17

Define Two-Shot

Answer 17

Medium shot - shows two characters within frame.

Question 18

Define XLS

Answer 18

Identifies key signifiers - characters + settings.

Question 19

Define anchorage

Answer 19

The text that fixes an image and its meaning.

Question 20

Define antagonist

Answer 20

In a plot, the character whose function is to disrupt the protagonist.

Question 21

Define archetype

Answer 21

An original on which many copies are based - e.g. rebel, mother figure, villain.

Question 22

Define binary opposition

Answer 22

Contrast between two ideas or concepts - causes conflict which drives narrative.

Question 23

Define brand

Answer 23

Type of product that is manufactured and marketed under a particular name.

Question 24

Define by-line

Answer 24

Printed line in text that names writer of an article.

Question 25

Define code

Answer 25

A communication system which includes signs, rules and shared understanding.

Question 26

Define colour palette

Answer 26

Suite of colours used in the creation of media texts to reflect a brand and appeal to its audience.

Question 27

Define connotation

Answer 27

Meanings of a sign or media product that are made by cultural association - deeper or underlying meanings.

Question 28

Define cross-head

Answer 28

Words used as a title or sub-heading to break up a text in a newspaper/magazine.

Question 29

Define cross-cut

Answer 29

An editing technique used to establish that action is occurring at the same time.

Question 30

Define conventions

Answer 30

Established rules or shared understandings used in the creation of media products.

Question 31

Define copy

Answer 31

The written material that features in a media text.

Question 32

Define cut

Answer 32

Simple editing technique: one shot ends and another begins, with no transitions or effects added.

Question 33

Define desktop publishing (DTP)

Answer 33

DTP software allows the user to create printed media texts with various page layouts and designs.

Question 34

Define digital (platform)

Answer 34

Media that can be created, viewed and distributed by digital devices.

Question 35

Define diegetic sound

Answer 35

Actual sound from the world of the film (on/off screen).

Question 36

Define non-diegetic sound

Answer 36

Sound that is neither on the screen or features in the world of the film - e.g. sound effects, background music.

Question 37

Define editing

Answer 37

Post-production technique

Question 38

Define editorial

Answer 38

An article in a newspaper/magazine that expresses an opinion on a topical issue.

Question 39

Define enigma

Answer 39

Question, mystery or clue that is not immediately resolved which draws the audience in.

Question 40

Define headline

Answer 40

The text, in larger font, at the top of a page/article in a newspaper/article, indicating what the content is to the user.

Question 41

Define intertextuality

Answer 41

When media texts make references to other texts and popular culture to interest and engage the audience.

Question 42

Define narrative

Answer 42

The way in which a story or sequence of events is put together in a media text.

Question 43

Define semiotics

Answer 43

Use and study of sign, sign systems and their meanings.

Question 44

Define sign

Answer 44

Anything that expresses a meaning.

Question 45

Define slogan

Answer 45

Catchy, eye-catching and memorable phrase (used in advertising).

Question 46

Define strapline

Answer 46

A cross-column subheading that emphasizes part of an article or advert.

Question 47

Define storyboard

Answer 47

Visual representation and plan of how a moving image scene will be shot.

Question 48

Define teaser

Answer 48

Form a trailer that ‘teases’ the audience about a forthcoming film.