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ILTS 207 > LANGUAGE > Flashcards

LANGUAGE Flashcards

1
Q

Grammar

A

structures and systems that make up a language

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2
Q

Eight parts of speech that define grammar?

A

nouns, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives, conjunctions, prepositions, interjections

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3
Q

Syntax

A

study of how words are combined to create sentences

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4
Q

Mechanics

A

describes those rules that govern english: punctuation, capitlaization

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5
Q

nouns

A

people, place, thing

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6
Q

Pronouns

A

she/her/hers etc

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7
Q

possesive pronoun

A

indicate possesion (mine)

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8
Q

Reflexive/Intensive pronouns

A

“I made the dessert myself”

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9
Q

Relative pronouns

A

begin dependent clauses “who, whch, whose, whom, which”

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10
Q

Verbs

A

express action

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11
Q

Helping Verbs

A

indicate tense

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12
Q

verb tense : simple, continuos, perfect, perfect continuous.

A

simple (occuring once), continous (ongoing), perfect & perfect continous (occuring in relation to other actions)

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13
Q

infinitive

A

verb that has not been congugated

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14
Q

conjugation

A

changing spelling of verb tense/helping verb

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15
Q

Prepositions

A

Set up relationships in time/space

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16
Q

Prepositional Phrase

A

“I ran over the river and through the woods”

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17
Q

Conjunctions

A

Joins words into phrases and three types coordinating, correlative, and subordinating

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18
Q

Coordinating conjuctions

A

FANBOYS : For, As, Nor, But, Or , Yet, So

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19
Q

Subordinating conjucntions

A

join dependent clauses that cant stand on their own as sentences ex: because, as, as if, as though, after, as soon as

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20
Q

Interjections

A

wow! yikes! hey,

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21
Q

Syntax

A

phrases and clauses are made of subject predicate or both.

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22
Q

subject

A

what sentence is about

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23
Q

predicate

A

describe what the subject is doing

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24
Q

phrase

A

group of words that communicates an incomplete idea and lacks either subject or predicate or both

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25
Q

clauses

A

contain subject and predicate

26
Q

independent clauses

A

can stand alone as a sentence “She ate her dog”

27
Q

dependent clauses

A

cannot stand alone as sentence “because she ate her dog”

28
Q

Types of clauses

A

Simple (1 independent), Compound
(2 independent), Complex (1 independent, 1 or more dependent), Compound complex (2 or more independent, 1 or more dependent)

29
Q

fragment

A

when subject and verb needed

30
Q

comma splice

A

incorrect error when comma seperates two independent clauses

31
Q

run on sentences

A

two independent clauses joined without punctuation

32
Q

colon

A

use for lists, defintion, clarification

33
Q

semicolon

A

joins two independent clauses to reveal relationship (IC;IC)

34
Q

Quotes format

A

“jffjfnjnfkenf,”().

35
Q

Apóstrofe rule

A

boy’s - belonging
boys’ - mulyiple
boys’s - belonging to multiple

36
Q

Phonics

A

relating sound to with certain group of letters (letter-sound correspondence)

37
Q

Phonemes

A

basic units of sound and the basic units of language

38
Q

phonics instruction draws on the strategy of _________________ or the ability to pronunce the sounds of written words orally and understand their meaning.

A

decoding

39
Q

systematic phonics instrcution

A

most unviersal method for phonic instruction

40
Q

sight words

A

require no decoding

41
Q

human brain uses 3 cueing systems to determine the meaning of words:

A

semantic, syntactic, graphophonic

42
Q

Semantic cues

A

offers prompts to a words meaning and are drawn from background knowledge and context clues

43
Q

Homographs

A

words that are spelled the same but different meaning (desert, dessert)

44
Q

Homonyms

A

Sound the same mean different

45
Q

Syntatic cues

A

Based on the structure of language and brains second most efficient cueing system

46
Q

Graphophonic cues

A

applying sounds and symbol knowledge from word

47
Q

Many educators use whole language instruction which does not use any cueing smaller than the word level

A

true

48
Q

Roots

A

building blocks of all words

49
Q

Prefixes

A

elements added to begining of word

50
Q

Suffixes

A

elements added to end of word

51
Q

Affixes

A

prefixes and suffixes make

52
Q

Vocabulary is developed in two ways:

A

incidental vocabulary learning: occurs while reading or independtly
intentional vocabulary learning : outright instruction guided like a Predict-O-Gram or Semantic Impressions, Frayer Model,OPIN, List group label

53
Q

Thesaures

A

for synonyms for words

54
Q

disctionary

A

defintion of words

55
Q

glossary

A

list of terms and defintions at end of text

56
Q

index

A

chapters and outline in front of book

57
Q

Sociolinguistics

A

study of langugae and its implications to society and culture

58
Q

Communicative Comeptence involves:

A

Linguistic, Sociolinguistic, discourse, strategic,

59
Q

Linguistic Competence

A

knowledge of syntax and semantics

60
Q

Sociolinguistic Competence

A

social aproprateness of language

61
Q

Discourse Competence

A

knowledge of how to construct maller pieces of languge

62
Q

Strategic Competence

A

able to recognize and repair instances of communciation breakdown

ILTS 207 (6 decks)

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