Lanette's Drug Talk Flashcards
benzos include what two drug types?
Midazolam and Diazepam
What drugs are usually safe with minimal CV and resp. effects but some CNS depression esp. young p
benzodiazepines
What are benzos (mid and diazepam) good for?
used for pediatric or neonatal (less than 6 weeks old), use for muscle relaxers, great ability to lower induction agents and maintenance. Use as tranquilizer onlyyyy in super young
what drug is non reversible and MOA is BLOCKS alpha 1 and vasodilates because of this and therefore reduces cardiac output (CO) with main side effect being hypotension?
Acepromazine
You should not use ace in what p?
HCM cats, brachycephalic p/any p with high vagal tone, shock p
and be careful in stallions bc can cause penile prolapse and be careful in boxers bc can cause bradycardia
What drug can you use as regional technique, single dose, or CRI???
Alpha 2’s
What are the side effects of alpha-2’s?
bradycardia (both centrally and as a secondary response which is reflex bradycardia from vasoconstriction from the receptors in the heart that measure systemic vascular resistance called baroreceptors) can cause bradycardia on its own OR in response to peripheral vasoconstriction.
What can be used to reverse alpha-2’s?
Atipamezole
What is buprenorphine? What is its MOA?
partial mu agonists; slow onset and long duration. Mild or mod. analgesia,
Why can we use butorphanol and have stick with it?
has higher affinity for the mu receptor, latches on and does not let go until its metabolized and that sucks in cases where your patient is still in pain and cannot use full mu because the receptor is still being used by buprenorphine
Butorphanol is a ____ agonist and a _____ antagonist
kappa agonist and a mu antagonist
What are the full mu agonists?
Morphine, fent, hydromorphone, methadone
What mu agonist has shortest duration and lasts 30 mins?
Fentanyl
What drug do we not use for pain in a p that has high intracapsular pressure, upper airway occlusion patients, hydrocephaly, brachycephalic breeds?
Hydromorphone
What pain med has a longer duration of 4-6 hours and is very $$$ but we use it a lot esp in p where we do not want them to vomit or pant
Methadone
Reversal of opioids:
nalaxone
what is the MOA of propofol?
GABA agonist
causes vasodilation
what drug is use for calming the p without providing complete sedation and NO pain control with side effect of hypotension/reduction of CO and is NOT okay in shock p bc of this?
acepromazine
what cases is ace very unsafe in?
Shock (any kind of shock), HCM, bracycephalics (already have high vagal tones), septic, blood clotting disorders
do not use what drug in p that already has high intracapsular pressure, upper airway occulsion, or hydrocephaly, or brachycephalic breeds?
hydromorphone
what can be used as a partial reversal for a full mu opioid?
butorphanol
what drug causes muscle rigidity so we also have to use a muscle relaxant also (benzo + guaifensin or prop)?
ketamine
what drug can help with pain, sedate, and fully induce?
ketamine
an aggressive animal may override this drug____ but not this one ____
may override alpha-2’s but cannot override ketamine
lidocaine dose CRI and good effects that it has on our p?
Doses of lidocaine 50-150 mcg/kg/minute
free radical scavenger, can increase GI motility, can be used as Class 1B antiarrhythmic, cheap, lowers MAC, bumps up opioid because synergistic
What is the level of pain in order from least to most???
ST, muscle, bone, nerves
MAC for iso
1.3-1.6
MAC for Sevo
2.4-2.6
What drug is a neurosteroid
Alfaxalone
