Blood Gas And Fluid Rounds Lectures

Question 1

pH < 7.35 –>

Answer 1

acidemia

Question 2

pH > 7.54–>

Answer 2

alkalemia

Question 3

Low pH (<7.35) and low HCO3- (<24) –>

Answer 3

metabolic acidosis

Question 4

High pH (>7.45) and high HCO3- (>24) –>

Answer 4

metabolic alkalosis

Question 5

Hypercapnia PaCO2 > ____ is called ___ ____

Answer 5

> 40mmHg; respiratory acidosis

Question 6

Hypocapnia is PaCO < ____ and is called _____ _____

Answer 6

<35mmHg; respiratory alkalosis

Question 7

What are the 3 major buffer systems of hydrogen ion regulation?

Answer 7

Blood, ventilatory responses, renal responses

Question 8

Increased HCO3- means ____

Answer 8

alkalosis

Question 9

What does it mean if pH is increased and HCO3- is increased?

Answer 9

Metabolic alkalosis

Question 10

What does it mean if pH is increased and PaCO2 is decreased?

Answer 10

Resp. alkalosis

Question 11

What does it mean if pH is decreased and PaCO2 is increased?

Answer 11

Resp. acidosis

Question 12

What does it mean if pH is decreased and HCO3- is decreased?

Answer 12

metabolic acidosis

Question 13

more than +4 base excess means what?

What about less than -4?

Answer 13

metabolic alkalosis;
metabolic acidosis

Question 14

what 3 things can cause an anion gap?

Answer 14

due to loss of HCO3- and increase Cl- or due to increased acids (lactic acids, ketoacids) or hypoalbuminemia

Question 15

What is the step to determine which cause is the primary cause?

Answer 15

check the pH value and see what is changing it more, PaCO2 or HCO3-

Question 16

resp. acidosis is what increased and decreased?
pH
PCO2
HCO3-

Answer 16

pH- decreased
increased PCO2
Increased HCO3-

Question 17

Resp. alkalosis is what increased and decreased?
pH
PCO2
HCO3-

Answer 17

pH increased
PCO2 decreased
HCO3- increased

Question 18

Metabolic acidosis:
pH
PCO2
HCO3-

Answer 18

pH decreased
HCO3- decreased
PCO2 decreased

Question 19

Metabolic alkalosis:
pH
HCO3-
PCO2

Answer 19

pH increased
HCO3- increased
PCO2 increased

Question 20

what does it mean if pH is low but PCO2 is very high and BE., HCO3- and TCO2 are veryyy low?

Answer 20

Resp. acidosis + metabolic acidosis= mixed acid-base disturbance with resp. acidosis being the primary w/ no metabolic compensation

Question 21

what does it mean if pH is decreased, and HCO3- and PCO2 are increased?

Answer 21

Acute resp. acidosis with metabolic compensation

Question 22

What does it mean if BE and HCO3- are veryyy low and PCO2 is low and pH is high?

Answer 22

Acute respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation

Question 23

What does it mean if BE and HCO3- are very high and PCO2 and pH are also very high?

Answer 23

Metabolic alkalosis with resp. compensation

Question 24

How do we tx metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia**

Answer 24

Calcium chloride, 50% dextrose + regular insulin, and sodium bicarbonate

Question 25

What is the definition of hypoxia?

Answer 25

low PO2 in the tissues
low PaO2 due to pulm. disease most likely in anesth. patients

Question 26

what is the body water distribution?

Answer 26

Intracellular 63%
Extracellular 37%

Question 27

___ + _____ is bad in cats for intraop fluids bc causes low sympathetic response

Answer 27

Hypothermia and fluid resuscitation

Question 28

what is the fluid bolus dose in cats and dogs?

Answer 28

Dose is 1/4 to 1/3 the shock dose
Dogs 80-90mL/kg -> 10-20mL/kg
Cats 50-66mL/kg –> 5-10mL/kg