Landscapes and physical processes

Question 1

Urbanisation (Flooding)

Answer 1

expansion of towns and cities
leads to ground being covered

Question 2

Vegetation (Flooding)

Answer 2

different types intercept different amounts of rainfall
removal of vegetation

Question 3

Geology (Flooding)

Answer 3

increased groundwater flow
a rock may not be porous

Question 4

Climate (Flooding)

Answer 4

increased amounts of rainfall
seasonal rainfall
storm event

Question 5

The speed at which water moves through drainage basins can vary due to:

Answer 5

quantity of rainfall
quantity of vegetation cover
size of drainage basin

Question 6

Flows and stores of water

Answer 6

water moves through a drainage basin
flows from one store to another

Question 7

Infiltration

Answer 7

movement of water into the soil

Question 8

Intended human activity

Answer 8

management strategies
reduce erosion from river and coastal landforms

Question 9

Extreme weather events (Climate)

Answer 9

a powerful storm can change the appearance of a storm overnight
More severe the storm, the more destructive the waves get

Question 9

rivers (Climate)

Answer 9

more water that is flowing in the river, higher the erosion rates will be

Question 10

Coasts (Climate)

Answer 10

the prevailing winds affects the angle at which the waves break on to the coastline

Question 11

What factor affect the rates of landform change in river and coastal landscape

Answer 11

Geology
Climate
Human activity

Question 12

Rock pools

Answer 12

are small hollows in rocks found at the coastline

Question 13

Beaches and Spits

Answer 13

Both beaches and spits are formed when the swash is stronger than backwash

Question 14

Arches and Stacks

Answer 14

weathering erodes the roof of the arch
the roof collapses to leave a pillar of rock

Question 15

bay

Answer 15

is formed due to softer, less resistant rock which erodes quicker

Question 16

Headland

Answer 16

is an area of land that juts into the sea

Question 17

The processes that erode the cliff are

Answer 17

Hydraulic action
Abrasion:
Solution:

Question 18

Rockfalls and Landslides

Answer 18

once rock has been eroded from the upper cliff, the material moves down, resulting in mass movement

Question 19

Coastal landscapes: slope and coastal processes

Answer 19

coastline is shaped over time by (Slope processes)
a cliff may retreat through weathering

Question 20

Floodplains

Answer 20

when the river floods, it becomes covered with water
the material makes the soil fertile

Question 21

Meanders

Answer 21

are usually found in the middle and lower courses
bends in the river
Caused by both erosion and deposition

Question 22

Gorge

Answer 22

is a steep sided narrow valley
is formed when a waterfall collapses and retreats

Question 23

Differential erosion

Answer 23

where waterfalls form due to a change in rock structure
which leads to erosion of river bed

Question 24

Glacial Erosion

Answer 24

waterfalls have formed due to the erosive power of a glacier
Glaciers carve steep valleys into the landscape

Question 25

waterfalls and plunge pools

Answer 25

can be formed by Glacial erosion or Differential erosion

Question 26

V-shaped valleys

Answer 26

found in the upper course of a river valley
usually found when the river is small

Question 27

Erosional processes of the river bed include:

Answer 27

Attrition
Abrasion

Question 28

Erosional processes

Answer 28

Abrasion
Hydraulic action
Solution

Question 29

River landscapes

Answer 29

River landscapes change due to fluvial erosion, transportation, and deposition

Question 30

Impact of human activity on Snowdonia

Answer 30

increase house prices
increase in rural homes (activity)
footpath erosion

Question 31

How are physical landscapes affected by Human Activity

Answer 31

Visitors bring benefits to rural economies
Visitor pressure may affect landscape

Question 32

Examples of distinctive landscape

Answer 32

Physical features- (Mud flats, Wide valley floor)
Land use- tourism
Vegetation (Sand dune)

Question 33

What makes a landscape distinctive

Answer 33

Upland and lowland areas
River and coastal landscapes