Land use modeling

Question 1

List of the land use modeling tools

Answer 1

Only LUM:Lowry, UrbanSIm

ILUT: IRPUD, ILUTE

Question 2

Explain Lowry model

Answer 2

• This model aims to link the spatial components of employment zones and residence zones , aiming to analyse the location of residence of the population.
• The model first calculates the spatial interactions of basic employments locations with the residential zones. Afterwards, it analyses the service employment activities with the zones of residences.
• It has 3 limitations:
  o Reliance in basic employments: in the actual context, metropolitan areas are develop by service employment. Therefore, the results of the model will not be accurate. A way to solution this handicap is to assume some service employments as basic employments.
  o Is a static model: will not represent the evolution of the land use system and transport system.
  o Does not consider freight in urban areas: very significant and have impacts on the friction of distance.

Question 3

Explain IRPUD model

Answer 3

• It is an integrated dynamic ILUT model.
• It considers the transport supply as the driver for spatial development.
• It is run iteratively on simulations period over time (they don’t need to necessarily align e.g. LU every 5 years and Transport model every year)

Question 4

4. Explain the difference between Lowry model and IRPUD model

Answer 4

Lorwy: Static, principle (input, output, constrain)

IRPUD: dynamic land use change 5 year, transport every year, system thinking

ILUTE: agent based, main element

Question 5

What is the objective of UrbanSim?

Answer 5

• The objective of UrbanSim is to enable the stake holders to explore the potential impact of alternative public policies and investing using a credible and unbiased analysis.
• Facilitate more effecticve democratic deliberation on public actions regarding land use, transport and the environment.
• Make it easier for communities to achieve a common vision for the future of the community and its broader environment, and to coordinate actions to produce outcomes that are consistent with this vision.

Question 6

What are the characteristics of UrbanSim?

Answer 6

• Is a simulation model for integrating planning and analysis of urban development that incorporates interactions between land use, transportation and policy.
• The development of spatial structure is based on households, business, and governmental decisions.
• Its uses a external interface to model interactions with the transport system.

Question 7

What is the data structure of UrbanSim?

Answer 7

• Input data: parcel file, business establishment, census, and GIS information
• Data storage: households, grid cell, and jobs

Question 8

What is the model structure of UrbanSim?

Answer 8

(see graph)

• Macroeconomically model, transport model and GIS visualizing are external systems.
• User inputs are policy assumptions and user specified events.

Question 9

Explain ILUTE model

Answer 9

Model-based on recent methods

• Continuous microsimulations
• Object-oriented programming
• Agent-based approach

Four main elements intertwined:

• transportation activities
• land use
• car ownership
• location choice