Land Pollution Flashcards
identify: Disposing something to the land beyond its assimilative capacity (the capacity to purify itself)
land pollution
Land pollution is the result of introducing substances, biological organisms, or energy into the soil, resulting in a change in ___
soil quality
most vulnerable age sector in land pollution
: extremes of ages)
Land pollution reduces the uses of the land for three main purposes. Enumerate
agricultural
recreational
residential
identify: The surface layer of the earth consisting of solid matter, water, and air that is inhabited by microorganisms and animals, and offers anchorage to plant roots
soil
soil composition: enumerate
Minerals
Air
Water
Organic matter from plant and animal residue
How do minerals become part of the soil? Enumerate two ways
O Derived from underlying bedrock
O Transported and deposited by rivers, ocean currents, windstorms, or landslides
Five main layers of soil: O,A,B,C, and D. What is the D layer?
bedrock
Five main layers of soil: O,A,B,C, and D. What is the C layer?
weathered parent materials
Five main layers of soil: O,A,B,C, and D. What is the B layer?
subsoil; accumulation of iron aluminum, humid compounds
Five main layers of soil: O,A,B,C, and D. What is the A layer?
top soil; organic matter (humus), living organisms inorganic minerals dissolved materials move downward
Five main layers of soil: O,A,B,C, and D. What is the O layer?
surface litter; fallen leaves and partially decomposed organic debris
When A & D are contaminated, soil & water quality are affected. T/F?
F
A and B dapat..
Enumerate 4 functions of soil
Bearing function
Production or plant growth function
Decomposition or ecological function
Filter function
Explain soil’s ecological function
Soil is where decomposing organisms thrive; where nitrification (conversion of ammonium to nitrite) occurs
explain soil’s bearing function
Support or serves as a platform for a building/infrastructure
What does soil filter?
water
Enumerate 6 main sources of land pollution
chemical spills improper disposal of industrial waste agriculture mining and quarrying sewage sludge household waste
Which is not an effect of improper disposal of industrial waste?
A.Elevated salt content of soil
B.High rate of evaporation
C.Too much rainfall
D.Plants could not cope with high content of soil
C
inadequate dapat
Some leakage of industrial waste occurs due to chemicals that outlive the container. T/F?
T
There are two kinds of mining: surface and underground. Which involves/requires removal of overburden material to access the ore?
Surface mining
What is laterization?
erosion due to removal of vegetation.
There are different mechanisms of erosion. identify this one: thin uniform layers of soil are peeled off from land surface
sheet erosion
There are different mechanisms of erosion. identify this one: when little flow of running water gather together and cut small channels in soil
Rill erosion
There are different mechanisms of erosion. identify this one: when rill enlarge to form bigger channels or ravines that are too large to be removed by normal tillage operations (e.g. Mayon volcano)
gully erosion
There are different mechanisms of erosion. identify this one: washing away of soil from the banks of established streams, creeks or rivers
Stream Bank
When a liquid pollutant is discharged on the ground surface, there are four possibilities that may occur. enumerate
- Pollutant is washed away by precipitate, accumulate somewhere else
- pollutant may evaporate if volatile, to cause air pollution
- Pollutant could infiltrate unsaturated soil
- Bioaccumulation and biomagnification
Differentiate bioaccumulation fr biomagnification
Bioaccumulation: Increase in concentration of a pollutant from the environment to the first organism in the food chain
Biomagnification: Increase in concentration of a pollutant from one link in a food chain to another
define bioremediation
a treatment process that uses microorganisms (yeast, fungi or bacteria) to break down, or degrade hazardous substances into less toxic or nontoxic substances (carbon dioxide and water)
Which does not favor bioremediation?
A. Water available (near field capacity)
B. Nutrients (N, P, K) in adequate supply
C. C:N ratio l
D
dapat “similar to”
