Energy and Health Flashcards
not a primary health risk of nuclear energy use
A.GI cancers due to uranium mining
B.Teratogenic effects
C.Silicosis among miners
D.Increase incidence of childhood leukemia near power plants
E.Sterility
(A - respi dapat)
Uranium mining removal methods: enumerate and indicate which is most used +
which has biggest envt impact.
- Underground - most used
- Open Pit (24%) - has the biggest environmental impact
- in Situ Leach (26%)
Which is false?
A.Step-up transformer uses highly toxic polychlorinated biphenyl
B.Nuclear power plant emissions are always controllable
(B - dapat controlled temp)
What are the 7 parts of the energy cycle?
- Material acquisition and construction
- Emissions from material acquisition
- Operation and maintenance
- Energy back-up systems
- Energy storage systems
- Transportation / Transmission
- Waste management
A.one of the strongest, fastest current @ PHL
B.T/F only waterfalls can be used for hydropower
A.San Bernardino Strait
B. F - dams pwede rin, basta moving
A. 2 countries with highest use of hydropower
B. location of largest hydropower plant
A. Canada, Tajikistan
B. China’s Mekong Delta
False @ hydropower utilization
A. Water from reservoir flows due to gravity to drive the turbine
B. Turbines are turned by the force of the water on their blades
C. Turbine generates electricity
D. Power generated is transmitted over power lines
C
Generators: rotated by turbines to generate electricity
A. __– carries water to the turbines
B. __– stores water
A.Penstock
B.Dam
Not a direct consequence of hydropower
A.Disruption of terrestrial ecosystem
B.Suspected to cause small earthquakes in areas prone to earth movements
C.May spread schistosomiasis in endemic areas
C
not an indirect consequence of hydropower
A. Displacement of indigenous people
B. Downstream area is deprived of water and soil nutrients
C. May introduce or increase prevalence of malaria particularly in upstream areas
(A)
Which is false?
A.Geothermal energy is only found in Visayas
B.Moving water is not commercially used yet
A. - it’s also found in Makiling-Banahaw & Bicol
in moving water @ sea, how is wave energy captured?
use of vertical helixes
How is biomass made harmful to human health?
Incomplete combustion – respirable particles, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, organic compounds, etc.
Burning the wood in an isolated anaerobic chamber makes coal that is incompletely combusted
A. Identify - last of the fractional distillation of the petroleum
B. Why do biofuels have conflicts with food security?
A. Diesel
B.Available now but there is a sustainability issue due to plantations being made by eliminating farmlands thus contributing to food crisis
Primary organ system affected by biofuel A.gastrointestinal B.neurocortical C.endocrinal D.respiratory
D
Indoor air pollutants fr wood cooking stove: enumerate
Carbon monoxide o
Formaldehyde
Benzene
Differentiate bottom ash from fly ash
Bottom ash - ashes that are left in the ground
Fly ash - ashes that are left in the air after coal burning; contains some metals; biggest risk
Identify indirect effects of biomass fuel
- Deforestation
- Greenhouse effect
- Global warming
- Poverty cycle
Crude oil is refined into the ff components (arrange accdg to increasing boiling pt)
Gases Gasoline Aviation fuel - Heating oil Diesel oil Naphtha Grease/wax Asphalt
Of lowest quality A.Aviation fuel - B.Heating oil C.Grease/wax D.Asphalt
D
Of highest quality A.Gasoline B.Aviation fuel C.Grease/wax D.Asphalt
A and B
Two main hazard categories due to fossil fuel
Extraction and Processing
Fuel Combustion
Three indirect effects of fossil fuel
- Trans-boundary pollution
- Global warming/climate change
- Acid rain
How do scrubbers in power plants work?
Smoke –> containment room –> water sprinklers
In fossil fuel, how do electrostatic precipitations work for pollution prevention?
Pollutants in the air are positively charged and thus are attracted by negatively charged electrostatic precipitants and bag filters.Reduce dust, ash soot, and hydrocarbons
